Fig. 4From: Neural versus pneumatic control of pressure support in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases at different levels of positive end expiratory pressure: a physiological studyComparison of the changes in mechanical effort for all subjects. Changes in total mechanical effort from pneumatically triggered and cycled-off pressure support (PSP) at extrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPe)0% to neurally triggered and cycled-off pressure support (PSN) at PEEPe0% (x-axes) and PSP at PEEPe80% (y-axes). Upper panel: inspiratory esophageal pressure deflection (ΔP̅esTOT) per breath; lower panel: inspiratory pressure time product per minute (PTPesTOT). Blue symbols indicate patients with expiratory flow limitation; red symbols indicate patients without expiratory flow limitation. See text for detailsBack to article page