Diagnostic value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, cystatin C, and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury

Table 1 Clinical and biological data on admission

Characteristics	Non-AKI sepsis	AKI sepsis	P value
Characteristics	(n = 57)	(n = 55)	P value
Age, years	51.0 ± 15.6	49.8 ± 15.4	0.664
Gender, n (%)
Male	35 (61.4)	27 (49.1)	0.190
Female	22 (38.6)	28 (50.9)	0.190
Etiological factors, n (%)
Pulmonary infection	17 (29.8)	16 (29.1)	0.549
Abdominal infection	14 (24.6)	17 (30.1)	0.295
Urinary tract infection	9 (15.8)	9 (16.4)	0.569
Trauma-related infection	8 (14.0)	3 (5.5)	0.113
Bacteremia	3 (5.3)	3 (5.5)	0.635
Catheter-related infections	3 (5.3)	3 (5.5)	0.635
Others	3 (5.3)	2 (5.5)	0.525
Underlying diseases, n (%)
Hypertension	35 (61.4)	31 (56.4)	0.406
Diabetes	30 (52.6)	24 (43.6)	0.170
COPD	16 (28.1)	16 (28.1)	0.535
Coronary heart disease	16 (28.1)	15 (27.3)	0.547
Nervous system disease	17 (29.8)	11 (20.0)	0.382
WBC count, ×10⁹/L	15.0 (12.5, 17.8)	16.0 (12.0, 21.0)	0.610
MAP, mm Hg	70.4 ± 14.4	65.9 ± 12.7	0.085
Serum CRP, mg/dL	54.2 (32.2, 60.5)	54.0 (43.3, 67.8)	0.131
Serum PCT, ng/mL	7.0 (3.2, 23.4)	22.1 (6.5, 56.0)	0.002
SCr, μmol/L	79.5 ± 27.9	77.4 ± 33.3	0.721
APACHE II score	15.1 ± 3.4	17.2 ± 4.3	0.004
SOFA score	8.0 ± 2.1	9.4 ± 2.9	0.005
Mechanical ventilation, n (%)	22 (36.7)	28 (53.8)	0.131
Plasma NGAL, ng/mL	123.0 (98.0, 170.5)	165.0 (124.0, 343.0)	<0.001
Urine NGAL, ng/mL	54.0 (43.1, 65.0)	187.0 (76.0, 265.8)	<0.001
Plasma Cys-C, mg/L	1.09 (0.98, 1.22)	1.23 (1.08, 1.45)	0.001
Urine Cys-C, mg/L	0.12 (0.09, 0.13)	0.13 (0.10, 0.32)	0.002
Plasma sTREM-1, pg/mL	98.0 (86.0, 122.15)	132.0 (98.7, 155.0)	<0.001
Urine sTREM-1, pg/mL	43.0 (23.7, 54.9)	54.0 (34.65, 65.0)	0.012

Quantitative data with normal distribution are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Quantitative data with non-normal distribution are presented as median (25th and 75th percentiles). Qualitative data are presented as number (percentage). AKI, acute kidney injury; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; Cys-C, cystatin C; MAP, mean arterial pressure; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; PCT, procalcitonin; SCr, serum creatinine; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; sTREM-1, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1; WBC, white blood cell.

ISSN: 1364-8535