Figure 1

Impact of infusions on leukocytes and cytokines in the bronchiolar lavage fluid (BALF) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inhalation. BAL was performed 8 or 24 h after LPS inhalation in volunteers undergoing infusion of soybean-based lipid emulsions (SO), fish oil-based lipid emulsions (FO), or normal saline (NaCl). For comparison, a cohort of healthy volunteers (historical controls) is depicted. Total leukocytes (a), TNF-α (b), and IL-8 (c) were determined in the BALF: 24 h after LPS challenge lower leukocyte numbers were detected in the FO group (^* P <0.05 versus both other groups). TNF-α was increased in the SO group at 8 h but was similar to the other infusion groups at 24 h (^* P <0.05 versus both other groups; ^a P <0.05 versus 24 h). Lowest IL-8 concentrations were determined in the FO group at 24 h (^* P <0.05 versus both other groups; ^a P <0.05 versus 8 h). Data are given as mean +/− standard error of the mean; n = 5 to 6 experiments each.