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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study patients

From: Evolution of chronic renal impairment and long-term mortality after de novo acute kidney injury in the critically ill; a Swedish multi-centre cohort study

Baseline characteristics

No acute kidney injury (n = 92,509)

Acute kidney injury (n = 5,273)

P -value

Mean age, years

59.3 (19.6)

67.9 (14.2)

<0.001

Median age, years

63 (45 to 75)

70 (61 to 78)

 

Length of ICU stay, hours

23 (12 to 53)

68 (26 to 189)

<0.001

Women

40411 (43.6)

2086 (39.6)

<0.001

Number of admissions per patient, mean (SD)

1.31 (0.89)

1.29 (0.74)

0.19

Number of admissions per patient, median (IQR)

1 (1 to 1)

1 (1 to 1)

 

Highest potassium, mmol/L

4.1 (3.9 to 4.5)

4.7 (4.1 to 5.5)

<0.001

Number

16069

1605

 

Highest sodium, mmol/L

139 (136 to 142)

137 (134 to 141)

<0.001

Number

16121

279

 

Lowest sodium, mmol/L

136 (133 to 139)

133 (130 to 137)

<0.001

Number

16121

1604

 

Highest bilirubin, μmol/L

10 (6 to 17)

14 (8 to 26)

<0.001

Number

16863

1768

 

Lowest arterial pH

7.36 (7.30 to 7.41)

7.29 (7.19 to 7.38)

<0.001

Number

40449

3968

 

Lowest bicarbonate, mmol/L

23 (20 to 25)

18 (14 to 22)

<0.001

Number

3662

593

 

Maximum creatinine (μmol/L)

80 (63 to 105)

254 (164 to 422)

<0.001

Number

47441

4076

 

Maximum urea (mmol/L)

6.7 (4.3 to 10.1)

17.5 (11 to 26)

<0.001

Number

2717

532

 

Lowest thrombocyte count, x 109/L

230 (170 to 296)

199 (123 to 291)

<0.001

Number

32586

2695

 

Apache II score

14 (8 to 20)

25 (20 to 32)

<0.001

Number

17231

1620

 

SAPS II score

25 (0 to 41)

55 (42 to 70)

<0.001

Number

15376

764

 

SAPS III score

52 (43 to 63)

68 (59 to 77)

<0.001

Number

18326

1437

 

Intervention, number (%)a

   

Invasive mechanical ventilation, numbera

7155 (7.7)

994 (18.9)

<0.001

Acute surgerya

7282 (7.8)

662 (12.6)

<0.001

Elective surgerya

5237 (5.7)

295 (5.6)

1.0

Charlson comorbidity score, meanb (SD)

1.78 (2.2)

2.64 (2.5)

<0.001

Comorbidity, number (%)

   

Myocardial infarction

11896 (12.9)

986 (18)

<0.001

Congestive cardiac failure

12521 (13.5)

1324 (25.1)

<0.001

Peripheral vascular disease

8921 (9.6)

704 (13.4)

<0.001

Cerebrovascular disease

15658 (16.9)

808 (15.3)

<0.001

Dementia

1840(2.0)

99(1.9)

0.612

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

12999 (14.1)

808 (15.3)

0.010

Rheumatological disease

3311 (3.6)

269 (5.1)

<0.001

Peptic ulcer disease

5693 (6.2)

423(8.0)

<0.001

Cancer

15726 (17.0)

1262 (24.0)

<0.001

Metastatic disease

1918 (3.6)

304 (4.7)

<0.001

Mild liver disease

45021 (4.9)

369(7.0)

<0.001

Moderate or severe liver disease

3319 (2.1)

249 (5.8)

<0.001

Uncomplicated diabetes

13168 (14.2)

1372 (26.2)

<0.001

Diabetes with complications

4660 (5.0)

523 (9.9)

<0.001

Paraplegia

1787 (1.9)

90 (1.7)

0.287

HIV

125 (0.14)

4 (0.08)

0.328

  1. Values are median (IQR) or n (%). if not otherwise stated. Information on laboratory data were obtained from the severity scorings systems APACHE II, SAPS II and SAPS III. APACHE and SAPS2 record the highest or lowest values recorded during the first 24 hours of ICU admission, and SAPS3 records values from 1 hour before until 1 hour after ICU admission. Values for scoring systems were not available in all patients; number denotes the number of patients in which this information was recorded. aIntervention codes were also under-reported and therefore the number of patients in whom these data were available is detailed in the table. Reporting of all other baseline characteristics is complete. bCharlson score is not age-adjusted. APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; SAPS, simplified applied physiology score.
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