Skip to main content

Table 3 Baseline characteristics of patients who did and did not develop postoperative complications

From: Central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference as a prognostic tool in high-risk surgical patients

Variables

Patients with postoperative complications

Patients without postoperative complications

P value

(n = 78)

(n = 37)

Severity scores

   

ASA class

3.0 (2.0-3.0)

3.0 (2.0-3.0)

0.16

 ASA class ≥3 (%)

51 (65)

19 (51)

0.150

SOFA

7.0 (3.0-12.0)

1.0 (1.0-2.5)

<0.001

SAPS II

23.0 (16.5-31.2)

15.5 (12.0-24.2)

0.008

High-risk criteria (%)

   

Age, years

64 ± 13

65 ± 10

0.84

Age ≥70 years

30 (38)

12 (32)

0.53

Severe nutritional problems

8 (10)

3 (8)

1.00

Previous respiratory illness

20 (26)

4 (11)

0.07

Chronic renal failure

5 (6)

1 (3)

0.66

Chronic liver failure

6 (8)

1 (3)

0.43

Ischemic heart disease

32 (41)

19 (51)

0.30

Malignant neoplasia

46 (59)

21 (57)

0.82

Major abdominal surgery

52 (67)

30 (81)

0.11

Prolonged surgery ≥8 hours

6 (8)

3 (8)

1.00

Urgent surgery

19 (24)

3 (8)

0.04

Septic surgery

19 (24)

5 (13)

0.18

Vascular clamping ≥1 hour

4 (5)

0 (0)

0.30

Physiological parameters

   

Mean arterial pressure, mmHg

82 ± 16

85 ± 14

0.30

Urine output, ml/3 hours

266 ± 228

345 ± 258

0.023

Biologic parameters

   

 Serum lactate, mmol/l

1.54(1.1-3.2)

1.06 ± (0.8-1.8)

0.006

 Serum bicarbonate, mmol/l

19.6 ± 4.2

21.4 ± 2.7

0.008

 Hemoglobin, g/dl

10.4 ± 1.8

10.8 ± 1.7

0.39

 Troponin I, ng/ml

0.03 (0.01-0.11)

0.01 (0.00-0.04)

0.025

 Arterial pH

7.33 ± 0.08

7.35 ± 0.07

0.47

 Venous pH

7.28 ± 0.09

7.30 ± 0.06

0.06

 PCO2 gap, mmHg

8.7 ± 2.8

5.1 ± 2.6

<0.001

 PcvCO2, mmHg

46.1 ± 6.7

45.9 ± 6.0

0.92

 PaCO2, mmHg

37.4 ± 6.5

40.7 ± 6.2

0.09

 ScvO2, %

76.3 ± 6.3

78.0 ± 5.2

0.17

 SaO2, %

99.2 (98.4-99.5)

98.8 (98.1-99.2)

0.026

 PaO2, mmHg

145 (116–175)

135 (110–156)

0.05

 PcvO2, mmHg

46.0 (41.7-54.0)

48,0 (40.5-52.0)

0.77

  1. Data are presented as absolute values (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range). Comparison between groups were assessed by Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney U test when necessary. Significant P values are indicated in bold text. ASA, American Society of Anesthesiology physiological status; PaCO2, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PaO2, arterial partial pressure of oxygen; PCO2 gap, central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide gradient; PcvCO2, central venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PcvO2, central venous partial pressure of oxygen; SaO2, arterial oxygen saturation; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; ScvO2, central venous oxygen saturation.