Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin identifies critically ill young children with acute kidney injury following intensive care admission: a prospective cohort study

Table 2 T0, T1, T2 and peak urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 concentrations by serum creatinine-based RIFLE status within 48 hours following admission^a

Measurement, number of patients	Non-AKI, n = 65	RIFLE-Risk, n = 15	RIFLE-Injury, n = 10	RIFLE-Failure, n = 10	P -value
T0, 0 to 6 hr
uNGAL (ng/ml), n = 59	31 (16 to 111)	396 (70to 1,250)	385 (77 to 1,987)	1,873 (484 to 3,936)	<0.001
KIM-1 (ng/ml), n = 59	0.11 (0.08 to 0.19)	0.18 (0.13 to 0.28)	0.10 (0.08 to 0.11)	1.2 (0.4 to 3.5)	0.004
T1, 6 to 12 hr
uNGAL (ng/ml), n = 85	21 (8 to 116)	114 (61 to 420)	275 (11 to 4630)	2430 (727 to 6000)	<0.001
KIM-1 (ng/ml), n = 85	0.11 (0.08 to 0.27)	0.10 (0.08 to 0.29)	0.12 (0.08 to 0.16)	0.35 (0.29 to 1.21)	0.018
T2, 12 to 24 hr
uNGAL (ng/ml), n = 95	22 (10 to 98)	34 (22 to 200)	47 (26 to 1935)	979 (301 to 6000)	0.001
KIM-1 (ng/ml), n = 93	0.16 (0.08 to 0.28)	0.26 (0.11 to 0.56)	0.30 (0.12 to 0.41)	0.47 (0.26 to 2.15)	0.002
24-hr peak level
uNGAL (ng/ml), n = 100	59 (16 to 136)	225 (89 to 730)	385 (56 to 3938)	1495 (387 to 6000)	<0.001
KIM-1 (ng/ml), n = 100	0.17 (0.08 to 0.34)	0.26 (0.11 to 0.56)	0.25 (0.10 to 0.41)	0.86 (0.44 to 2.15)	0.001

^aAKI, Acute kidney injury; KIM-1, Kidney injury molecule-1; RIFLE, Risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal disease; SCr, Serum creatinine; uNGAL, Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range). P-values indicate overall comparison of all groups (that is, non-AKI versus Risk versus Injury versus Failure). Intergroup differences were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RIFLE categories risk, injury and failure were defined as, respectively, serum creatinine (SCr) above 150%, 200% and 300% of the median age-specific SCr reference values.

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