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Table 2 Echocardiographic findings according to the presence or absence of ACP and/or patent foramen ovale PFOa

From: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-associated acute cor pulmonale and patent foramen ovale: a multicenter noninvasive hemodynamic study

Parameters

PFO and ACP

PFO only

ACP only

No PFO and no ACP

P value

 

(n = 8)

(n = 21)

(n = 36)

(n = 130)

 

RVEDA/LVEDA (cm2)

0.88 [0.69; 1.34]

0.71 [0.57; 0.77]

0.75 [0.64; 0.92]

0.62 [0.52; 0.72]

0.0002

LV eccentricity index at end-systole

1.32 [1.3; 1.44]

1.07 [1.02; 1.09]

1.33 [1.27; 1.51]

1.06 [1; 1.11]

<0.0001

LV eccentricity index at end-diastole

1.13 [1.07; 1.2]

1.08 [1.01; 1.14]

1.09 [1.04; 1.18]

1.07 [1.01; 1.13]

0.21

Cardiac index (L/min/m2)

3.58 [2.78; 3.71]

3.28 [2.84; 4.18]

2.93 [2.62; 3.37]

3.16 [2.6; 3.98]

0.27

LV stroke volume (mL)

59 [46; 68]

61 [48; 76]

58 [49; 61]

63 [52; 73]

0.09

LVEDV (mL)

67 [51; 85]

85 [54; 100]

79 [66; 93]

87 [68; 106]

0.04

LVEF (%)

65 [55; 74]

62 [46; 70]

58 [48; 66]

56 [44; 68]

0.60

RVFAC (%)

18 [15; 25]

32 [24; 40]

26 [17; 34]

34 [26; 42]

0.0007

TAPSE (mm)

15 [14; 20]

20 [17; 23]

18 [16; 20]

20 [16; 23]

0.02

Doppler-derived sPAP (mmHg)

46 [41; 60]

50 [39; 67]

45 [37; 55]

42 [35; 49]

0.17

  1. aResults are expressed as median values with 25th to 75th percentiles. ACP, acute cor pulmonale; PFO, patent foramen ovale; RVEDA, right ventricular end-diastolic area; LVEDA, left ventricular end-diastolic area; LV, left ventricle; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RVFAC, right ventricular fractional area change; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic elevation; sPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure.