Inhaled nitric oxide therapy and risk of renal dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Ruan, Sheng-Yuan; Huang, Tao-Min; Wu, Hon-Yen; Wu, Huey-Dong; Yu, Chong-Jen; Lai, Mei-Shu

doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0880-2

Critical Care

Table 1 Details of the included randomized controlled trials

From: Inhaled nitric oxide therapy and risk of renal dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Study (year)	Country	Study population	Protocol of iNO therapy	Mean iNO dosage	Age, years	Definition of acute kidney injury (AKI)	Number of AKI/number of cases
Study (year)	Country	Study population	Protocol of iNO therapy	Mean iNO dosage	Age, years	Definition of acute kidney injury (AKI)	iNO	Control
Dellinger (1998) [12]	USA	ARDS	1.25, 5.0, 20.0, 40.0, or 80.0 ppm iNO for 28 days or till FiO₂ < 0.5	21 ppm	48	Creatinine >2 mg/dL	20/120	7/57
Dellinger (1998) [12]	USA	ARDS		21 ppm	48	Creatinine ≥3.5 mg/dL	13/120	5/57
Lundin (1999) [20]	11 European countries	ARDS	1 to 40 ppm iNO at the lowest effective dose for up to 30 days or until an end point was reached	9 ppm	57	Creatinine >3.4 mg/dL or RRT	28/80	12/74
Lundin (1999) [20]	11 European countries	ARDS		9 ppm	57	Incident RRT	23/84	10/79
Kinsella (1999) [22]	USA	Neonate hypoxemic respiratory failure	5 ppm for 7 days	5 ppm	27 weeks	Renal failure	2/48	2/32
Payen (1999) [21]	Europe	ARDS	10 ppm till PF >250, median 5 days	10 ppm	Not reported	RRT	33/98	26/105
Taylor (2004) [23]	USA	ARDS	5 ppm until 28 days, discontinuation of assisted breathing, or death	5 ppm	50	Creatinine ≥3 mg/dL	12/192	8/193
Taylor (2004) [23]	USA	ARDS		5 ppm	50	Creatinine ≥3.5 mg/dL	10/192	6/193
Perrin (2006) [24]	France	Lung transplantation	20 ppm for 12 h	20 ppm	35	RRT	1/15	1/15
Potapov (2011) [26]	USA and Germany	Cardiac surgery	40 ppm for 48 h	40 ppm	56	RRT	10/73	8/77
Fernandes (2011) [25]	Brazil	Cardiac surgery	10 ppm for 48 h	10 ppm	46	Urine output <0.3 ml/kg/h	0/14	1/15
Lang (2014) [28]	USA	Liver transplantation	80 ppm during the operative phase	80 ppm	56	Renal dysfunction	3/40	7/40
Trzeciak (2014) [27]	USA	Sepsis	40 ppm for 6 h	40 ppm	59	RRT	2/26	1/23

AKI, acute kidney injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; iNO, inhaled nitric oxide; FiO₂: inspired oxygen fraction; PF: PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio; RRT: renal replacement therapy.

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ISSN: 1364-8535

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