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Table 1 Preoperative characteristics

From: Postoperative pneumonia following cardiac surgery in non-ventilated patients versus mechanically ventilated patients: is there any difference?

Variable

Patients with

Patients with

P- value

VAP (n =137)

non-VAP (n =120)

EuroSCORE, %, mean ± SD

10.7 ± 9.9

10.2 ± 12.9

0.70

Age, yr, mean ± SD, ()

68.2 ± 11.2

69.6 ± 13.0

0.34

Male gender, n (%)

98 (71.5)

86 (71.7)

0.78

Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD

26.7 ± 4.6

26.1 ± 4.7

0.32

Comorbidities

   

Cancer, n (%)

5 (3.6)

3 (2.5)

0.60

Mediastinal irradiation, n (%)

4 (2.9)

6 (5)

0.39

Liver cirrhosis, n (%)

1 (0.7)

4 (3.3)

0.29

Decompensated liver cirrhosis, n (%)

1 (0.7)

1 (0.8)

0.99

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

62 (45.3)

55 (45.8)

0.93

COPD, n (%)

29 (21.2)

34 (28.3)

0.18

COPD with treatment, n (%)

21 (15.3)

24 (20)

0.33

Hypertension, n (%)

81 (59.1)

78 (65)

0.33

Immunosuppression, n (%)a

1 (0.7)

3 (2.5)

0.52

History of coronary artery disease, n (%)

66 (48.2)

65 (54.2)

0.34

History of congestive heart failure, n (%)

43 (31.4)

20 (16.7)

0.006

Neurologic disease, n (%)b

6 (4.4)

4 (3.3)

0.67

History of stroke, n (%)

17 (12.4)

16 (13.3)

0.83

Peripheral vascular disease, n (%)

23 (16.8)

27 (22.5)

0.25

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

41 (29.9)

38 (31.7)

0.76

History of smoking, n (%)

67 (48.9)

70 (58.3)

0.13

Current smoking, n (%)c

14 (10.2)

27 (22.5)

0.007

Creatinine clearance, mL/min, mean ± SD

63.9 ± 26.5

65.7 ± 33.7

0.62

Chronic renal failure with dialysis, n (%)

1 (0.7)

1 (0.8)

0.99

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

60 (43.8)

36 (30)

0.02

New York Heart Association class ≥ III, n (%)

107 (78.1)

80 (66.7)

0.04

Left ventricular ejection fraction, %, mean ± SD

53 ± 15

55 ± 12

0.18

Prior antibiotic therapy, n (%)

29 (21.2)

25 (20.8)

0.95

Preoperative treatment, n (%)

   

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor

66 (48.2)

62 (51.7)

0.58

Betablocker

73 (53.3)

58 (48.3)

0.43

Antiplatelet therapy

80 (58.4)

76 (63.3)

0.42

Statin

74 (54)

76 (63.3)

0.13

  1. aIncluding any immunosuppressive diseases, hematologic diseases, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs within the previous 30 days, or corticosteroids at daily doses of at least 10 mg/day of a prednisone equivalent for more than 2 weeks. bNeurologic disease associated with functional disability. cSubject smoked an average of at least five cigarettes per day during the month before surgery. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Critical Care

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