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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the population enrolled in the study

From: The ratio of Th17/Treg cells as a risk indicator in early acute respiratory distress syndrome

Variables

Control

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

P -value

Total

Mild

Moderate

Severe

Number

26

79

24

28

27

 

Age, years

54.00 ± 13.77

55.03 ± 14.42

55.17 ± 15.45

53.36 ± 13.34

57.63 ± 15.57

0.714

Gender, male/female, n

14/12

44/35

13/11

15/13

16/11

0.971

BMI, kg/m2

22.44 ± 3.53

24.03 ± 4.13

24.72 ± 4.98

24.67 ± 3.84

24.26 ± 3.93

0.150

Cause of ARDS

      

Pneumonia

 

25

6

9

10

 

Non-pulmonary sepsis

 

19

4

8

7

 

Trauma

 

23

9

6

8

 

Aspiration

 

5

2

2

1

 

Multiple transfusions

 

4

2

2

  

Others

 

3

1

1

1

 

APACHE II score

 

22 (20 to 26)

20 (18 to 22)

23 (21 to 26)*

25 (22 to 27)*

<0.001

SOFA score

 

11.0 (10.0 to 13.0)

9.5 (7.0 to 11.8)

11.0 (10.0 to 13.0)*

12.0 (11.0 to 13.0)*

<0.001

Lung injury score

 

2.3 (2.1 to 2.8)

2.0 (1.9 to 2.1)

2.3 (2.1 to 2.5)*

2.9 (2.7 to 3.2)*#

<0.001

PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg)

 

138 (76 to 222)

258 (223 to 273)

139 (120 to 158)*

67 (59 to 79)*#

<0.001

CRP, mg/L

4.97 (3.83 to 6.12)

135.84 (116.83 to 156.79)

116.69 (104.17 to 133.33)

130.97 (123.40 to 154.45)

156.85 (143.59 to 185.36)*

<0.001

PCT, ng/mL

0.04 (0.02 to 0.06)

1.56 (1.24 to 1.83)

1.24 (1.05 to 136)

1.47 (1.27 to 1.66)

2.04 (1.62 to 2.61)*#

<0.001

Leukocytes, 109/L

6.8 (5.6 to 8.2)

12.9 (11.2 to 14.8)

11.8 (10.5 to 12.8)

12.4 (10.7 to 13.7)

15.3 (13.6 to 17.6)*#

<0.001

Monocytes, 109/L

0.58 (0.46 to 0.69)

1.05 (0.92 to 1.23)

0.95 (0.84 to 1.13)

1.04 (0.88 to 1.23)

1.12 (1.04 to 1.1.26)*

<0.001

Lymphocytes, 109/L

3.09 (2.80 to 3.52)

5.35 (4.25 to 6.47)

4.24 (3.93 to 4.96)

5.24 (4.19 to 6.06)*

6.72 (5.69 to 7.45)*#

<0.001

Th17 cells, % of CD4+

0.71 (0.59 to 0.94)

4.27 (3.67 to 6.02)

3.54 (3.17 to 3.94)

4.16 (3.96 to 4.54)*

6.42 (5.96 to 6.91)*#

<0.001

Treg cells, % of CD4+

3.11 (2.70 to 3.44)

5.37 (4.98 to 6.07)

4.82 (4.50 to 5.18)

5.46 (5.25 to 5.81)*

6.18 (5.82 to 6.57)*#

<0.001

Th17/Treg ratio

0.25 ± 0.09

0.86 ± 0.20

0.74 ± 0.12

0.77 ± 0.10

1.01 ± 0.18*#

<0.001

IL-6, pg/mL

11.70 ± 1.31

758.33 ± 70.03

721.53 ± 54.43

763.62 ± 76.96*

785.56 ± 62.36*

<0.001

IL-17, pg/mL

20.27 ± 4.12

199.59 ± 68.12

139.42 ± 25.51

204.75 ± 37.64*

247.72 ± 78.08*#

<0.001

IL-10, pg/mL

123.04 ± 20.53

131.19 ± 19.94

137.8 ± 19.17

132.49 ± 20.14

124.17 ± 18.87

0.029

TGF-β1, pg/mL

193.48 ± 46.48

209.92 ± 51.00

219.30 ± 61.84

200.30 ± 41.77

211.55 ± 49.25

0.264

28-day mortality, n, %

 

32 (40.5%)

7 (29.17%)

12 (42.86%)

13 (48.15%)

 
  1. Quantitative data with a normal distribution are presented as mean ± SD. Quantitative data with a non-normal distribution are presented as median (IQR). Qualitative data are presented as number (%). P-value for the four groups (mild, moderate, severe ARDS, and control groups); *P <0.01 versus mild ARDS; # P <0.01 versus moderate ARDS. BMI, body mass index; APACHE, acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; CRP, C-reactive protein; PCT, procalcitonin.