Table 6 Studies reporting on ECCO₂ R for ARDS

Country

Italy

USA

Germany

Germany

France

Germany

Germany

Korea

USA

Spain

Design

Case series

RCT

RCT

Case series

Case series

Case series

Case series

Case series

Case series

Case series

Prospective

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Setting

Single

Mulit

Multi

Single

Single

Single

Single

Single

Multi

Single

Quality assessment^§

–

RCT5

RCT6

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Type of CO₂ removal device, AV/VV

VV

VV

AV

AV

VV

AV

AV

AV

AV

AV

Patients received ECCO₂R, n

43

21

40

159

23

22

13

11

8

7

Years

1980–1985

1987–1991

2007–2010

1996–2007

1989–1991

2002–2006

–

2010

1997–1999

2005–2006

Age, years

50 ± 12

44 ± 17

29 ± 10

38 ± 15

52 ± 19

58 ± 15

44 ± 8

53.7 ± 16.0

SOFA score

–

159

15 ± 5

–

–

8.8 ± 1.8

–

–

Pre-CO₂ removal

PO₂/FiO₂, mmHg

67

152 ± 37

72 ± 37

84 ± 30

61 (47–85)^$

100 ± 29

110 ± 36.6

–

90

PCo₂, mmHg

49 ± 11

57 ± 12

65 ± 24

56 ± 20

65 (54–72)^$

80 ± 23

84 ± 23

90.8 ± 7.5

70

Plateau pressure, cmH₂O

–

29 ± 5

37 ± 6*

51 ± 9*

40 (36–46)*^$

34 ± 3*

30.1 ± 7.1

–

22.0 ± 7.4

Lung injury score

–

2.8 ± 0.7

–

3.4 ± 0.4

3.5 (3–3.7)

–

–

–

2.9 ± 0.3

Delay MV – extracorporeal CO₂ removal, days

–

<7

7 ± 13

9.2 ± 7.7

1 (0.5–1.9)

9.4 ± 10.2

8.6 ± 12.6

–

4 ± 2

Post-cannulation PCo₂ (24 h), mmHg

–

–

35 ± 7

41 ± 7

39 (36–42)^$

54 ± 19

40.7 ± 10.2

51.8 ± 3.1

45

Length of CO₂ removal device, days

8 ± 5

7.4 ± 4.0

8 ± 6

13 (1–55)

5.3 (3.2–8.2)

12 ± 22

8.6 ± 9.4

–

4.3 ± 2.5

Serious complication, n (%)

3 (7)

3 (7)

25 (16)

5 (22)

5 (23)

2 (15)

3 (27)

0 (0)

1 (14

Ischemia lower limb

–

1 (2)

13 (8)

–

3 (14)

0

0

0

0

Compartmental syndrome

–

–

4 (2.5)

–

1 (4)

0

0

0

0

Cannula thrombosis

–

–

8 (5)

–

–

0

0

0

1

Mortality, n (%)

22 (51)

7 (33)

7 (17)

104 (65)

12 (52)

6 (27)

7 (54)

9 (82)

4 (50)

1 (14)