Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the patients and healthy subjects ^a

Age (years)^a

49 (21 to 77)

47 (18 to 88)

0.80

Sex^b

0.20

  Male

16 (80%)

9 (60%)

  Female

4 (20%)

6 (40%)

Body mass index^b (kg/m²)

25.5 (19.4 to 32.2)

25.2 (18.8 to 30.0)

0.84

  Multitrauma

6 (30%)

N/A

N/A

  Pneumonia

4 (20%)

  Neurosurgical

3 (15%)

  ARDS

2 (10%)

  Burns

2 (10%)

  Cardiac surgery

1 (5%)

  Pancreatitis

1 (5%)

  Sepsis

1 (5%)

APACHE II score^d

18 (4 to 27)

N/A

N/A

Serum creatinine^b (μmol//L)

91.2 (31 to 357)

N/A

N/A

90 day mortality^c

2 (10%)

N/A

N/A