Table 1 Patient characteristics and outcome

Male gender, %

64.1

60.3

64.9

63.1

0.426

Age, y

64.2

14.2

61.3

17.1

63.2

16.4

62.6

16.4

0.172

Weight, kg

75.6^a,b

20.3

74.2^a

18.4

78.4^b

16.7

76.5

18.0

0.006

Height, cm

172

10.7

172

9.7

173

9.6

172

9.8

0.804

Body mass index, kg/m2

25.4^a,b

5.8

25.0^a

5.8

26.3^b

5.2

25.7

5.5

0.006

Body mass index <18.5, %

6.8

7.2

2.1

4.6

Body mass index >30, %

12.8

12.7

18.5

15.3

APACHE II score

25.4^a

8.3

22.5^b

7.5

17.9^b

8.1

23.0

7.9

0.001

Respiratory rate, /minute^W

22

6

21

7

21

7

21

7

0.188

VO₂, ml/minute^W

264^a,b

69

254^a

51

278^b

60

268

60

<0.001

VCO₂, ml/minute^W

227^a,b

56

224^a

42

233^b

51

229

49

0.036

Respiratory quotient^W

0.87^a,b

0.10

0.89^a

0.11

0.84^b

0.10

0.86

0.11

<0.001

FiO₂, %^{W, Z}

40

40 to 45

40

40 to 45

40

40 to 45

40

40 to 45

0.075

Measured EE^x, kcal/d

1,808^a,b

359

1,776^a

318

1,886_b

347

1,835

342

<0.001

Estimated EE^y, kcal/d

1,991

415

1,983

365

2,049

368

2,017

375

0.048

Day 4 energy, kcal/d

1,673^a

703

2,234^b

430

1,337^c

608

1,710

699

<0.001

Day 4 intake/measuredEE

0.95^a

0.40

1.27^b

0.18

0.71^c

0.30

0.95

0.38

<0.001

Day 4 protein, g/kg

1.00^a

0.53

1.33^b

0.28

0.69^c

0.43

0.97

0.49

<0.001

Length of ventilation^z, d

18

12 to 29

16

10 to 28

17

10 to 28

17

10 to 28

0.495

Length of ICU stay^z, d

22

14 to 34

19

12 to 31

20

12 to 31

20

12 to 31

0.516

Length of hospital stay^z, d

32

21 to 55

37

22 to 59

35

21 to 59

35

21 to 59

0.544

ICU mortality, %

26.5

20.8

18.6

20.5

0.173

Hospital mortality, %

48.7

36.5

32.0

35.9

0.004