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Table 3 Assessment of the interaction between acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and hyponatremia at inclusion and estimation of the risk of 90-day mortality adjusted by potential confounding factors

From: Hyponatremia influences the outcome of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure: an analysis of the CANONIC study

Assessment of ACLF-by-hyponatremia interaction

Estimate of the independent effect of ACLF and hyponatremia

Parameter

Hazard ratio (95% CI)*

P value

Parameter

Hazard ratio (95% CI)*

P value

ACLF at study enrolment

3.99 (2.92-5.44)

<0.001

ACLF at study enrolment

3.78 (2.90-4.93)

<0.0001

Hyponatremia at study enrolment

2.00 (1.33-3.02)

0.001

Hyponatremia at study enrolment

1.81 (1.33-2.47)

0.0002

   

Combination of independent effects:

  

Interaction ACLF-by-hyponatremia

0.83 (0.47-1.48)

0.5300

ACLF/hyponatremia vs. no ACLF/no hyponatremia

6.85 (3.85-12.19)

<0.0001

  1. *Hazard ratio estimates from a competing-risks proportional hazards model, adjusting for age, presence of ascites, presence of bacterial infections, white cell count, heart rate and serum potassium at study enrolment. CI: confidence interval.