Table 1 Demographic profiles and clinical characteristics
From: The clinical utility window for acute kidney injury biomarkers in the critically ill
Variables | All patients | No acute kidney injury | Acute kidney injury | P -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n =77) | (n =32) | (n =45) | ||
Age, years | 62 ± 16 | 62 ± 17 | 62 ± 15 | 0.90 |
Gender, male | 57 (74.0) | 25 (78.1) | 32 (71.1) | 0.49 |
Ethnicity | 0.23 | |||
- New Zealand European | 61 (81.8) | 29 (90.6) | 34 (75.6) | |
- Maori | 9 (11.7) | 3 (9.4) | 6 (13.3) | |
- Asian | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 4 (8.9) | |
- Others | 4 (5.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.2) | |
Weight, kg | 80 ± 17 | 80 ± 13 | 80 ± 20 | 0.97 |
Height, cm | 171 ± 10 | 170 ± 8 | 171 ± 11 | 0.99 |
APACHE II score | 19 ± 5 | 19 ± 5 | 20 ± 5 | 0.32 |
Baseline plasma creatinine, μmol/L | 92 (74 to 107) | 93 (83 to 104) | 88 (70 to 109) | 0.21 |
Baseline creatinine selection | 0.28 | |||
- Pre-hospital (7 to 365 days) | 43 (55.8) | 17 (53.1) | 26 (57.8) | |
- 30-day follow up | 18 (23.4) | 8 (25.0) | 10 (22.2) | |
- Hospital final | 13 (16.9) | 7 (21.8) | 6 (13.4) | |
- First Emergency Department | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0) | 3 (6.7) | |
Inclusion criteria | 0.01 | |||
- Cardiac arrest | 49 (63.6) | 27 (84.4) | 22 (48.9) | |
- Sustained hypotension | 22 (28.6) | 5 (15.6) | 17 (37.8) | |
- Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm | 5 (6.5) | 0 (0) | 5 (11.1) | |
- Profound hypotension | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.2) | |
Baseline comorbidities | ||||
- Hypertension | 26 (33.8) | 13 (40.6) | 13 (28.9) | 0.28 |
- Congestive cardiac failure | 7 (9.1) | 3 (9.4) | 4 (8.9) | 0.94 |
- Ischaemic heart disease | 21 (27.3) | 11 (34.4) | 10 (22.2) | 0.24 |
- Other cardiac diseases | 18 (23.4) | 8 (25.0) | 10 (22.2) | 0.78 |
- Chronic obstructive airways disease | 5 (6.5) | 1 (3.1) | 4 (8.9) | 0.31 |
- Asthma | 6 (7.8) | 2 (6.2) | 4 (8.9) | 0.67 |
- Cerebral vascular accident | 13 (16.9) | 7 (21.9) | 6 (13.3) | 0.32 |
- Diabetes mellitus | 11 (14.3) | 4 (12.5) | 7 (15.6) | 0.71 |
- Kidney impairment | 6 (7.8) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (4.4) | 0.19 |
- Thyroid disease | 4 (5.3) | 3 (9.4) | 1 (2.2) | 0.16 |
- Malignancy | 6 (7.8) | 3 (9.4) | 3 (6.7) | 0.66 |
- Inflammatory diseases | 17 (22.1) | 5 (15.6) | 12 (26.7) | 0.25 |
Clinical Outcomes | ||||
Acute kidney injury within 7 days of admission | 45 (58.4) | |||
Acute kidney injury severity | ||||
- Stage 1 | 28 (36.3) | |||
- Stage 2 | 8 (10.3) | |||
- Stage 3 | 9 (11.7) | |||
Dialysis | 9 (11.7) | 0 (0) | 9 (20.0) | 0.007 |
Hospital mortality | 27 (35.1) | 9 (28.1) | 18 (40.1) | 0.28 |
Composite of mortality or dialysis | 31 (40.3) | 9 (28.1) | 22 (48.9) | 0.07 |
Mechanical ventilation | 66 (85.7) | 27 (84.4) | 39 (86.7) | 0.11 |
Length of mechanical ventilation, h (survivors) | n =40 | n =19 | n =21 | |
44 (26 to 115) | 46 (37 to 57) | 41 (23 to 234) | 0.50 | |
Length of ICU stay, h (survivors) | n =50 | n =23 | n =27 | |
48 (32 to 77) | 51 (40 to 73) | 47 (19 to 163) | 0.51 | |
Length of hospital stay, h (survivors) | n =50 | n =23 | n =27 | |
289 (166 to 409) | 289 (194 to 369) | 304 (160 to 453) | 0.82 | |