Tackling the economic burden of postsurgical complications: would perioperative goal-directed fluid therapy help?

Table 2 Clinical and economic characteristics of the study population

Surgery	Patients, n	Morbidity, %	Mortality, %		HLOS, days		Direct cost, $
Surgery	Patients, n	Morbidity, %	Mortality, %		(mean ± SD)		(mean ± SD)
			With	Without	With	Without	With	Without
AAA open repair	2,040	19.6	20.8	6.0	23.9 ± 17.2	10.3 ± 8.2	76,169 ± 55,530	30,451 ± 24,023
Vascular bypass	6,765	9.5	10.3	1.1	17.5 ± 15.2	7.3 ± 6.5	42,202 ± 39,618	16,790 ± 12,601
Esophagectomy	1,794	12.5	6.3	2.4	23.2 ± 15.5	13.1 ± 11.7	59,382 ± 48,850	32,457 ± 30,571
Gastrectomy	5,995	8.7	11.7	1.0	25.0 ± 21.9	6.8 ± 7.7	54,879 ± 45,868	16,159 ± 15,986
Colectomy	19,055	16.0	15.2	2.6	23.1 ± 25.2	9.6 ± 8.2	49,160 ± 56,975	17,158 ± 16,481
Resection of rectum	4,251	9.2	4.9	0.4	16.2 ± 13.0	7.1 ± 5.3	29,874 ± 27,882	13,723 ± 10,020
Hepatectomy	4,934	7.6	14.8	0.7	17.9 ± 16.6	6.3 ± 4.4	48,961 ± 50,382	16,501 ± 12,080
Pancreatectomy	6,564	14.6	11.4	0.4	21.7 ± 19.1	9.7 ± 6.9	53,217 ± 50,882	20,888 ± 15,390
Cystectomy	4,036	10.9	5.2	0.4	19.3 ± 13.0	9.1 ± 5.4	43,598 ± 34,224	20,669 ± 10,511
F&H fracture repair	19,706	7.3	10.6	0.9	14.6 ± 12.2	6.6 ± 5.9	33,890 ± 33,115	14,919 ± 13,575

In-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (HLOS) and direct costs were compared between patients with one or more complications (With) and patients without any complication (Without). All comparisons were statistically significant with a P-value <0.001. AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; F&H, femur and hip.

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