Table 1 Demographic, hemodynamic, echocardiographic, biological and outcome characteristics of SAH patients
All patients | WFNS 1 to 2 | WFNS 3 to 5 | P -values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 40 | n = 24 | n = 16 | ||
Demographics parameters | ||||
Age, years | 48 (39 to 57) | 41.5 (31.5 to 51) | 55 (46 to 67) | 0.002 |
Female, n (%) | 24 (60) | 14 (54) | 10 (62) | 0.07 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.3 (22.6 to 26.1) | 24.5 (23 to 26.1) | 23.5 (22.3 to 26.2) | 0.7 |
Fisher score | 4 (3 to 4) | 3 (1.5 to 4) | 4 (4 to 4) | 0.0006 |
Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters on admission | ||||
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 85 (80 to 96) | 83 (77 to 93) | 90 (82 to 107) | 0.1 |
Heart rate, beats per minute | 66 (60 to 81) | 65 (58 to 76) | 76 (62 to 91) | 0.04 |
PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 421 (300 to 452) | 445 (407 to 454) | 355 (254 to 388) | 0.03 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 38 (37 to 40) | 38 (37 to 40) | 40 (35 to 43) | 0.51 |
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 20 (50) | 4 (20) | 16 (100) | <0.0001 |
Echocardiographic parameters on admission | ||||
Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 64(44 to 66) | 65 (60 to 66) | 57 (44 to 66) | 0.01 |
E’, cm/s | 9.5 (6 to 13) | 12.5 (8.6 to 14.4) | 6.5 (6 to 8.7) | <0.0001 |
TAPSE, mm | 22 (19 to 26) | 24 (21 to 27) | 22 (20 to 23) | 0.01 |
Myocardial biomarkers on admission | ||||
B-type natriuretic peptide, ng/L | 214 (109 to 374) | 202 (79 to 286) | 298 (125 to 674) | 0.02 |
Troponin Ic, μg/L | 0.026 (0.01 to 1.06) | 0.01 (0.01 to 0.28) | 0.27 (0.02 to 4.64) | 0.006 |
Catecholamine levels (see Figure 1 ) | ||||
Epinephrine (N: <500 pmol/L) | 632 (337 to 1116) | 602 (286 to 838) | 754 (403 to 1656) | 0.04 |
Norepinephrine (N: <2,500 pmol/Ll) | 3,106 (1,913 to 6,803) | 2,487 (1,620 to 3,243) | 8,451 (4,432 to 35,059) | 0.001 |
Norepinephrine after exclusion of patients receiving exogenous norepinephrine (n = 35, 22 and 13 respectively) | 2,754 (1,844 to 4,601) | 2,487 (1,620 to 3,243) | 5,834 (2,646 to 8,645) | 0.006 |
Dopamine (N: <200 pmol/L) | 178 (124 to 347) | 155 (121 to 231) | 320 (194 to 462) | 0.01 |
Length of stay in ICU, days | 10.5 (7.2 to 13.5) | 10.4 (6.2 to 12.0) | 13.2 (7.5 to 19.7) | 0.07 |
Complications during ICU stay | ||||
Vasospasm, n (%) | 9 (22) | 5 (20) | 4 (25) | 0.1 |
Hyponatremia, n (%) | 12 (30) | 6 (25) | 6 (37) | 0.4 |
Seizure, n (%) | 9 (22,5) | 4 (16) | 5 (31) | 0.3 |
Death in ICU, n (%) | 7 (17.5) | 1 (4) | 6 (37) | 0.006 |
Aneurysm and neurologic management | ||||
Ventricular derivation, n (%) | 13 (32) | 2 (8) | 11 (68) | <0.0001 |
Arteriography, n (%) | 37 (92) | 24 (100) | 13 (81) | 0.06 |
Arterioembolization, n (%) | 34 (85) | 23 (96) | 11 (68) | 0.02 |