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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohorts according to subsequent shock delivery a

From: Prognostic implications of conversion from nonshockable to shockable rhythms in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Characteristics

All patients with initial nonshockable rhythm,n(%)

Subsequently shocked cohort,n(%)

Subsequently not-shocked cohort,n(%)

P-value

Total patients in each group (%)

569,937

(100)

21,944

(3.9)

547,993

(96.1)

 

Year

       

2005

87,978

(15.4)

3,978

(18.1)

84,000

(15.3)

<0.0001

2006

90,942

(16.0)

3,618

(16.5)

87,324

(15.9)

 

2007

88,710

(15.6)

3,465

(15.8)

85,245

(15.6)

 

2008

97,211

(17.1)

3,504

(16.0)

93,707

(17.1)

 

2009

99,024

(17.3)

3,680

(16.8)

95,344

(17.4)

 

2010

106,072

(18.6)

3,699

(16.9)

102,373

(18.7)

 

Age, yr

77

(65 to 85)

75

(62 to 83)

77

(66 to 85)

<0.0001

Male

324,683

(57.0)

13,819

(63.0)

310,864

(56.7)

<0.0001

Witnessed OHCA

204,687

(35.9)

10,595

(48.3)

194,092

(35.4)

<0.0001

Witnessed OHCA by EMS personnel

30,341

(5.3)

1,226

(5.6)

29,115

(5.3)

0.076

Bystander CPR

224,273

(39.4)

8,842

(40.3)

215,431

(39.3)

0.0035

Presumed cardiac cause

303,947

(53.3)

14,357

(65.4)

289,590

(52.9)

<0.0001

Initial cardiac rhythm

       

Pulseless electrical activity

138,044

(24.2)

8,008

(36.5)

130,036

(23.7)

<0.0001

Asystole

431,893

(75.8)

13,936

(63.5)

417,957

(76.3)

 

Call-to-response time, min

7.0

(5 to 9)

7.0

(5 to 9)

7.0

(5 to 9)

<0.0001

Time from the initiation of CPR by EMS personnel to hospital arrival, min

30

(24 to 37)

32

(26 to 39)

30

(24 to 36)

<0.0001

Shock delivery time, minb

20.0

(15 to 27)

20.0

(15 to 27)

No data

 

Epinephrine administration

33,772

(5.9)

2,883

(13.1)

30,889

(5.6)

<0.0001

Epinephrine administration time, minc

15

(10 to 20)

14

(10 to 20)

15

(10 to 20)

0.006

Outcomes

       

Prehospital ROSC

24,028

(4.2)

1,676

(7.6)

22,352

(4.1)

<0.0001

1-month survival

15,258

(2.7)

1,055

(4.8)

14,203

(2.6)

<0.0001

1-month favorable neurological outcome (CPC category 1 or 2)

3,694

(0.6)

393

(1.8)

3,301

(0.6)

<0.0001

  1. aCPC, Cerebral Performance Categories scale; CPR, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EMS, Emergency medical services; OHCA, Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; ROSC, Return of spontaneous circulation. bTime from the initiation of CPR by EMS personnel to the first shock delivery. cTime from the initiation of CPR by EMS personnel to the first epinephrine administration. Values are reported either as either number of patients (%) or median (25th to 75th percentiles). Values were missing for 355 to 422 individuals across time variables.
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