Figure 7

Asynchrony management under different levels of leaks, with/without the noninvasive ventilation (NIV) mode. Asynchrony index (AI) values are provided as% of respiratory efforts under pressure support (PS) ventilation (PS = 10 cm H₂O + positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) = 5 cm H₂O); dotted line represents the AI clinical level of significance (10%). Three levels of leaks were used: L1 = 3.5 to 4.0 L/minute; L2 = 5.0 to 7.0 L/minute; L3 = 9.0 to 12.5 L/minute. Measurements were performed under triggering modalities defined by the factory settings, and then under the noninvasive ventilation mode if available. Statistical analysis evaluated the impact of leaks over AI occurrence and the effect of the NIV mode; A P-value equal to or below 0.05 was considered significant; *P <0.05; **P <0.005. Most devices except one did not depict an AI variation according to increased leaks. The NIV mode effect was significant for most ICU-like devices, whereas results were heterogeneous for the sophisticated category. Several sophisticated devices depicted better results in terms of asynchrony management than mean ICU-like devices. Mass casualty/military devices were not tested as they do not enable spontaneous ventilation.