From: Heart–lung interactions during neurally adjusted ventilatory assist
PSVlow | PSVal | PSVhigh | NAVAlow | NAVAal | NAVAhigh | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level | Mode | Interaction | |||||||
Transmural central venous pressures at c wave | |||||||||
End expiratory (mmHg) | 2.6 ± 4 | 1.3 ± 5.1 | 2.3 ± 4.1 | 4.2 ± 4.5 | 2.4 ± 2.5 | 3.1 ± 3.4 | 0.331 | 0.018 | 0.817 |
End inspiratory (mmHg) | 4.8 ± 4.5 | 1.5 ± 4.3 | 1.5 ± 3.9 | 6.6 ± 3.0 | 3.6 ± 3.3 | 4.2 ± 2.2 | 0.001 | 0.1 | 0.697 |
Cyclic change (mmHg) | 2.2 ± 3 | 0.3 ± 1.7 | −0.8 ± 2.1 | 2.4 ± 4 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 1.1 ± 2.4 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.303 |
Isovolumetric pressure generation | |||||||||
Inspiratory transmural isovolumetric pressure (mmHg) | 11 ± 4.6 | 12.3 ± 4.4 | 14 ± 4.6 | 11.5 ± 4.7 | 11.1 ± 4.6 | 10.8 ± 4.2 | 0.057 | 0.095 | 0.005 |
Expiratory transmural isovolumetric pressure (mmHg) | 12.7 ± 4.7 | 11.5 ± 4.5 | 12 ± 5.2 | 12.8 ± 4.1 | 12.8 ± 3.7 | 12.1 ± 4.7 | 0.266 | 0.257 | 0.318 |
Cyclic change in transmural isovolumetric pressure (mmHg) | −1.8 ± 1.4 | 0.8 ± 2.2 | 2 ± 2 | −1.3 ± 1 | −1.8 ± 2.1 | −1.3 ± 1.1 | 0.003 | 0.009 | 0.003 |
Total pressure generation | |||||||||
Inspiratory transmural pressure generation (mmHg) | 29.7 ± 10.7 | 27.2 ± 7.8 | 29.6 ± 9.4 | 29.8 ± 9.6 | 26.9 ± 8.5 | 26.9 ± 7 | 0.06 | 0.38 | 0.561 |
Expiratory transmural pressure generation (mmHg) | 30.4 ± 10.8 | 23.5 ± 8.3 | 26.5 ± 9.4 | 28.6 ± 10.4 | 27.9 ± 8 | 27 ± 6.9 | 0.231 | 0.053 | 0.241 |
Cyclic change in transmural pressure generation (mmHg) | −0.7 ± 2.3 | 3.8 ± 8 | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 1.2 ± 3.7 | −1 ± 4.5 | 0 ± 2 | 0.543 | 0.076 | 0.033 |