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Table 2 Patient characteristics by AKI status among ICU patients surviving to hospital discharge, Northern Denmark, 2005 to 2010

From: Three-year risk of cardiovascular disease among intensive care patients with acute kidney injury: a population-based cohort study

 

Without AKI

AKI stage 1

AKI stages 2-3

 

n = 16,764

n = 2,666

n = 2,126

Age

   

Age, median (IQR)

57 (39-69)

68 (58-77)

67 (56-75)

Gender

   

Female

7,788 (46.5)

1,031 (38.7)

944 (44.4)

Male

8,976 (53.5)

1,635 (61.3)

1,182 (55.6)

Comorbidity

   

Ischemic heart disease except MIa

1,863 (11.1)

513 (19.2)

244 (11.5)

Cerebrovascular disease except strokeb

537 (3.2)

124 (4.7)

86 (4.0)

Diabetes

1,490 (8.9)

460 (17.3)

433 (20.4)

Chronic kidney disease

1,063 (6.3)

502 (18.8)

338 (15.9)

Hypertension

2,216 (13.2)

664 (24.9)

511 (24.0)

Peripheral vascular disease

721 (4.3)

266 (10.0)

202 (9.5)

Cancer

2,282 (13.6)

522 (19.6)

375 (17.6)

No surgery

6,455 (38.5)

662 (24.8)

793 (37.3)

Surgery

   

Acute cardiac surgery

195 (1.2)

88 (3.3)

59 (2.8)

Acute noncardiac surgery

5,558 (33.2)

834 (31.3)

764 (35.9)

Elective cardiac surgery

1,701 (10.1)

528 (19.8)

169 (7.9)

Elective noncardiac surgery

2,855 (17.0)

554 (20.8)

341 (16.0)

Preadmission drug use

   

ACE inhibitors/AT2 antagonists

2,677 (16.0)

763 (28.6)

698 (32.8)

Beta blockers

2,318 (13.8)

667 (25.0)

487 (22.9)

Calcium channel antagonists

1,587 (9.5)

483 (18.1)

401 (18.9)

Acetylsalicylic acid

5,286 (31.5)

1,362 (51.1)

1,005 (47.3)

Diuretics

1,348 (8.0)

357 (13.4)

272 (12.8)

Nitrates

756 (4.5)

236 (8.9)

83 (3.9)

Statins

2,533 (15.1)

671 (25.2)

441 (20.7)

NSAIDs

2,486 (14.8)

430 (16.1)

436 (20.5)

Primary diagnosis during current hospitalization

   

Infectious diseases

1,673 (10.0)

276 (10.4)

434 (20.4)

Endocrine diseases

302 (1.8)

69 (2.6)

99 (4.7)

Cardiovascular diseases

2,910 (17.4)

873 (32.7)

390 (18.3)

Respiratory diseases

741 (4.4)

118 (4.4)

108 (5.1)

Gastrointestinal or liver diseases

1,564 (9.3)

287 (10.8)

303 (14.3)

Cancer or other neoplasm

2,463 (14.7)

471 (17.7)

304 (14.3)

Trauma or poisoning

4,198 (25.0)

282 (10.6)

190 (8.9)

Other

2,913 (17.4)

290 (10.9)

298 (14.0)

Laboratory information

   

Measured baseline creatinine

10,213 (60.9)

2,143 (80.4)

1,610 (75.7)

Maximum creatinine during admission,c μmol/l, mean (IQR)

74 (62-88)

123 (101-149)

254 (180-397)

ICU treatments

   

Mechanical ventilation

4,362 (26.0)

1,297 (48.6)

1,126 (53.0)

Inotropes/vasopressors

3,083 (18.4)

1,158 (43.4)

1,155 (52.9)

Length of admission

   

In-hospital daysd, median (IQR)

8 (3-15)

15 (10-28)

23 (12-45)

  1. Values are expressed as number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated. aPatients with a previous diagnosis of myocardial infarction were not included in the study; bpatients with a previous diagnosis of stroke were not included in the study; cfrom ICU admission until hospital discharge; dfrom hospital admission to hospital discharge. If date of discharge from one department and/or hospital and admission to another department and/or hospital was ≤1 calendar day, this was considered as one hospital admission. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; AKI, acute kidney injury; AT2, angiotensin 2; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR interquartile range; n, number; NSAIDS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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