Impact of transpulmonary thermodilution-based cardiac contractility and extravascular lung water measurements on clinical outcome of patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective observational study

Table 2 Variables associated with left ventricular dysfunction in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on univariate analysis ^a

Variable	LVEF ≥40% (n = 26)	LVEF <40% (n = 20)	P-value
Daily fluid intake, ml	3,182 ± 564	2,976 ± 569	0.18
Fluid output, ml	2,939 ± 446	2,782 ± 541	0.21
Fluid balance, ml	282 ± 163	166 ± 108	0.09
Plasma biochemical markers (peak levels)
Cardiac troponin T, ng/ml	1.1 (0.1 to 1.4)	2.0 (0.2 to 4.0)	0.17
Adrenaline, ng/ml	0.09 (0.03 to 0.14)	0.13 (0.04 to 0.20)	0.10
Noradrenaline, ng/ml	0.59 (0.26 to 0.76)	0.98 (0.39 to 1.66)	0.11
Brain natriuretic peptide, pg/ml	80 (21 to 132)	122 (65 to 191)	0.06
Duration of low CFI, days	2 (0 to 3)	6 (4 to 7)	0.0001*
Pulmonary edema after day 4	5 (19%)	11 (55%)	0.013*
Prevalence of DCI	5 (19%)	10 (50%)	0.029*
New or worsened pulmonary edema	2 (8%)	4 (20%)	0.22
Length of ICU stay, days	13 (10 to 14)	15 (14 to 16)	0.02*
mRS score at 3 months
0 to 3	18 (69%)	6 (30%)	0.009*
4 to 6	8 (31%)	14 (70%)

^aCFI: Cardiac function index; DCI: Delayed cerebral ischemia; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction. Numerical variables are presented as median (interquartile range) or mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables are expressed as counts (percentage). Numerical variables were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U test or unpaired Student t-test. Categorical variables were analyzed by χ² test or Fisher’s exact test. Pulmonary edema was defined as ELWI >14 ml/kg based on the PiCCO™ measurements. Duration of low CFI was defined by at least one CFI <4.2 min⁻¹ (corresponding to predicted LVEF <40%) over 24 hours. *Significant P-values.

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