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Table 2 Secondary outcomes

From: Citrate anticoagulation versus systemic heparinisation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a multi-center randomized clinical trial

 

Citrate (n = 66)

Heparin (n = 73)

P-value

Safety, discontinuation of study anticoagulant

Within 72 h

2 (3)

9 (12)

0.06

Bleeding episode

0

2 (22)

 

HIT

0

2 (22)

 

Frequent filter failure

0

3 (33)

 

Citrate accumulation

2 (100)

0

 

Miscellaneous

0

2 (22)

 

Within 28 days

5 (8)

24 (33)

<0.001

Bleeding episode

0

8 (33)

 

HIT

0

6 (25)

 

Frequent filter failure

0

7 (29)

 

Citrate accumulation

4 (80)

0

 

Miscellaneous

1 (20)

3 (13)

 

Bleeding episode within 28 days

3 (5)

10 (14)

0.08

Requirement of >2 packed cells

2 (3)

4 (6)

0.68

Metabolic derangements, during first 72 hours of therapy

pH >7.50

1 (2)

0

1.00

Sodium >150 mmol/L

4 (7)

3 (5)

0.71

Magnesium <0.7 mmol/L

8 (15)

6 (9)

0.40

Efficacy, intention to treat

Survival time first filter, h

46 (1 to 138)

32 (1 to 72)

0.02

Number of filters used within 72 h

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 9)

0.002

Off-time within 72 h, h

1 (0 to 12)

3 (0 to 31)

0.002

Reason for circuit disconnection

  

0.01

Circuit clotting

16 (24)

35 (51)

 

Elective filter change (72 h)

20 (30)

6 (9)

 

Catheter dysfunction

4 (6)

8 (12)

 

Termination of CVVH1

10 (15)

10 (12)

 

Transport

4 (6)

1 (1)

 

Technical problems

8 (12)

5 (7)

 

Therapy change2

2 (3)

3 (4)

 

Miscellaneous

2 (3)

1 (1)

 

Total duration of CVVH, h

123 (4 to 999)

73 (5 to 672)

0.18

Efficacy, per protocol

n = 61

n = 49

 

Number of filters used within 72 h

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 9)

0.04

Off-time within 72 h, h

2 (0 to 12 )

0 (0 to 31)

0.01

Total duration of CVVH, h

117 (4 to 999)

70 (5 to 672)

0.04

Costs

Total cost of first 72 h of CVVH

553 (436 to 872)

663 (320 to 1,319)

<0.001

Replacement fluid

316 (225 to 366)

429 (119 to 736)

<0.001

Wage nursing staff for filter change

19 (19 to 95)

38 (19 to 171)

0.02

Filter sets

85 (85 to 425)

170 (85 to 765)

0.02

Heparin

0

6.46 (3.84 to 6.74)

<0.001

Calcium glubionate

82 (70 to 84)

0

<0.001

  1. Median (range) or number (percentage), where appropriate. HIT, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; CVVH, continuous venovenous haemofiltration; € = euro. 1Treatment withdrawal or renal function recovery.
  2. 2Continuous renal replacement therapy to intermittent renal replacement therapy.