Table 1 Modes of HIF signal enhancement
From: Hypoxia-inducible factors and the prevention of acute organ injury
Stimulus/Agent | Remarks | Potential Clinical Applications |
|---|---|---|
Inhibition of PHDs by the induction of cellular physiologic hypoxia | ||
   Hypoxic chamber (e.g., 8% O2 in ambient air) | depressed systemic PO2 | |
   Carbon monoxide admixture to ambient air | functional anemia normal systemic PO2 | ✓ |
   Anemia | normal systemic PO2 | |
   Arterial clamping | normal systemic PO2 | |
Chemical inhibition of PHDs by hypoxia-mimetics | ||
   CoCl2 (interferes with Fe2+) | non-specific | |
   Mimosine (2-oxoglutarate analogue) | non-specific | |
   Other patented PHD inhibitors | specific | ✓ |
Molecular biology techniques | ||
   Von-Hippel-Lindau knockout | non-specific | |
   PHD siRNA transfection | PHD-specific | |
   Constitutively active HIF-α transgenes | organ-specific | ✓ |