Table 2 Univariate and multivariable analysis: determinants associated with unplanned extubation^a

Sex^b

1.9 (1.07-3.48)

0.03

1.8 (0.84-3.89)

0.13

Age (yr)

0.9 (0.98-1.01)

0.76

1.0 (0.97-1.03)

0.98

BMI (kg/m²)

1.1 (1.00-1.10)

0.04

1.0 (0.97-1.11)

0.26

Subunit ICU^c

0.02

   ICU subunit A

1.2 (0.62-2.41)

0.60

1.0 (0.38-2.42)

0.94

   ICU subunit B

2.2 (1.23-4.02)

0.01

2.6 (1.06-6.53)

0.04

Length of stay at time of UE (days)^d

0.9 (0.97-1.00)

0.07

1.0 (0.93-0.99)

0.01

Sodium (mmol/L) at time of UE

1.0 (1.00-1.09)

0.05

1.0 (0.97-1.11)

0.26

Ramsay Sedation Scale score at time of UE

<0.01

<0.01

   1 Anxious/agitated

41.4 (4.84-354.05)

<0.01

30.6 (3.18-294.20)

<0.01

   2 Awake/cooperative

15.2 (1.96-117.89)

<0.01

25.5 (2.99-216.96)

<0.01

   3 Responds to commands only

6.4 (0.77-53.29)

0.09

7.0 (0.78-63.01)

0.08

   4 Brisk response to loud noise

3.0 (0.29-31.01)

0.34

1.4 (0.12-15.97)

0.79

   5 Sluggish response to loud noise

2.8 (0.29-26.59)

0.37

1.8 (0.17-18.42)

0.62

   6 No response (reference)

1.0 (reference)

-

1.0 (reference)

-

Clonidine use at time of UE

2.3 (0.97-5.33)

0.06

2.3 (0.67-7.56)

0.19

Haloperidol use at time of UE

2.1 (1.24-3.51)

0.01

1.6 (0.66-3.72)

0.31

Methadone use at time of UE

2.0 (1.07-3.65)

0.03

0.9 (0.39-2.46)

0.97

Midazolam use at time of UE

1.4 (0.83-2.31)

0.21

2.3 (1.01-5.18)

0.05

Other benzodiazepine use at time of UE (diazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam)

1.5 (0.85-2.55)

0.16

1.1 (0.48-2.69)

0.77