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Figure 1 | Critical Care

Figure 1

From: Antibiotics or probiotics as preventive measures against ventilator-associated pneumonia: a literature review

Figure 1

Route of administration of prophylactic agents. (A) no prophylaxis; (B) the concept of SDD, with the application of non-absorbable antibiotics in mouth and intestines; (C) the concept of SOD, with the application of non-absorbable antibiotics solely in the mouth (note that agents applied in the mouth could get into the stomach); (D) application of probiotics as in most trials in critically ill patients.

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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535