Variable | All enrolled patients (n = 243) | Non-delirious patients (n = 120) | Delirious patients (n = 123) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Duration of anesthesia, hours | 5.00 ± 1.19 | 4.81 ± 1.13 | 5.18 ± 1.22 | 0.017 |
Dosage of fentanyl, μg/kg | 24.9 ± 6.1 | 24.6 ± 6.0 | 25.2 ± 6.1 | 0.386 |
Dosage of etomidate, mg/kg | 0.23 ± 0.08 | 0.23 ± 0.08 | 0.23 ± 0.08 | 0.970 |
Use of anticholinergic drugs | 97 (39.9%) | 49 (40.8%) | 48 (39.0%) | 0.773 |
Duration of surgery, hours | 4.00 ± 1.16 | 3.81 ± 1.13 | 4.18 ± 1.16 | 0.011 |
On-pump surgery | 114 (46.9%) | 56 (46.7%) | 58 (47.2%) | 0.939 |
Coronary artery bypass grafts, number | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 0.365 |
Blood transfusion of at least 400 mL | 9 (3.7%) | 1 (0.8%) | 8 (6.5%) | 0.036 |
APACHE II scorea | 6.43 ± 3.25 | 5.56 ± 3.03 | 7.28 ± 3.24 | < 0.001 |
Serum cortisol concentration, nmol/L | 549.9 ± 300.2 | 473.6 ± 305.4 | 625.6 ± 275.9 | < 0.001 |
Serum cortisol levelb | Â | Â | Â | < 0.001 |
   Level 1 | 20 (8.2%) | 12 (10.0%) | 8 (6.5%) |  |
   Level 2 | 145 (59.7%) | 90 (75.0%) | 55 (44.7%) |  |
   Level 3 | 78 (32.1%) | 18 (15.0%) | 60 (48.8%) |  |
Duration of sedation, hours | 10.0 (7.0-13.0) | 9.5 (7.0-12.0) | 10.5 (7.8-14.0) | 0.045 |
Use of benzodiazepines | 63 (25.9%) | 28 (23.3%) | 35 (28.5%) | 0.362 |
Duration of mechanical ventilation, hours | 14.8 (12.2-18.0) | 13.9 (11.9-15.8) | 16.0 (13.2-19.3) | < 0.001 |
Postoperative LVEF, percentagec | 54.8 ± 8.7 | 56.3 ± 8.5 | 53.4 ± 8.7 | 0.008 |
Postoperative complications | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Cardiac insufficiency | 48 (19.8%) | 16 (13.3%) | 32 (26.0%) | 0.013 |
   Arrhythmia | 18 (7.4%) | 5 (4.2%) | 13 (10.6%) | 0.057 |
   Myocardial infarction | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.494 |
   Respiratory insufficiency | 4 (1.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (3.3%) | 0.122 |
   Surgical bleeding | 5 (2.1%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (3.3%) | 0.370 |
   Sepsis | 5 (2.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (4.1%) | 0.060 |
   Pleural effusion | 13 (5.3%) | 7 (5.8%) | 6 (4.9%) | 0.741 |
   Stroke | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1.000 |
Postoperative complications within 1 dayd | 67 (27.6%) | 21 (17.5%) | 46 (37.4%) | 0.001 |
Postoperative complications within 5 daysd | 82 (33.7%) | 26 (21.7%) | 56 (45.5%) | < 0.001 |
Postoperative complications within 28 daysd | 86 (35.4%) | 28 (23.3%) | 58 (47.2%) | < 0.001 |