Collaborative effects of bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation and prehospital advanced cardiac life support by physicians on survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide population-based observational study

Table 5 Logistic regression analyses for 1-month outcomes for OHCAs witnessed by EMS providers (n = 23,127)

	1-month survival			Good performance at 1 month			Vegetative status or *de facto* brain death at 1 month
	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Age (10-year increase)	0.89	0.87 to 0.91	< 0.001	0.80	0.78 to 0.83	< 0.001	0.97	0.93 to 1.01	0.119
Sex
Male	Ref.			Ref.			Ref.
Female	1.02	0.94 to 1.12	0.617	0.90	0.79 to 1.02	0.097	1.18	1.02 to 1.37	0.028
Causes of arrest
Noncardiac origin	Ref.			Ref.			Ref.
Cardiac origin with initial non-VF	1.58	1.43 to 1.73	< 0.001	3.00	2.58 to 3.49	< 0.001	0.93	0.80 to 1.09	0.360
Cardiac origin with initial VF	7.58	6.68 to 8.59	< 0.001	17.82	15.07 to 21.07	< 0.001	1.36	1.04 to 1.77	0.024
Advanced cardiac life support
By ELSTs	Ref.			Ref.			Ref.
By physicians	1.27	1.05 to 1.53	0.013	1.47	1.16 to 1.87	0.002	0.92	0.64 to 1.32	0.646

CI, confidence interval; ELST, emergency life-saving technician; EMS, emergency medical service; OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; OR, odds ratio; Ref., reference; VF, ventricular fibrillation.

ISSN: 1364-8535