Table 1 Proposed clinical definition of the phenotype of frailty

   1. Decreased grip strength

   2. Self-reported exhaustion

   3. Unintentional weight loss of more than 4.5 kg over the past year

   4. Slow walking speed

   5. Low physical activity

Definition

   Positive for frail phenotype: ≥3 criteria present

   Intermediate/pre-frail: one or two criteria present

   Nonfrail: no criteria present