Table 1 Common β-lactam antibiotics that may be used as monotherapy to treat infections caused by Gram-negative Bacteria
From: Bench-to-bedside review: The role of β-lactamases in antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative infections
| Infection type | Phenotype | Possible β-lactam antibioticsa, b |
|---|---|---|
| Bacterial meningitis | Wild-type | Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone, cefepime, meropenem |
| Intra-abdominal | Wild-type | Amoxicillin-clavulanic acidc, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, cefotetan |
| ESBL-producing | Carbapenemsd | |
| Osteomyelitis | Wild-type | Ceftazidime, cefepime |
| Otitis media | Wild-type | Amoxicillin ± clavulanic acidc, cefdinirc, cefpodoximec, cefprozilc, cefuroxime axetilc, ceftriaxone |
| Lower respiratory infections and pneumonia | Wild-type | Amoxicillin-clavulanic acidc, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefdinirc, cefpodoximec, cefprozilc, cefuroxime axetilc, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime |
| ESBL-producing | Carbapenems | |
| Gonorrhea | Non-β-lactamase-producing | Penicillin G |
| β-lactamase-producing | Cefiximec, cefpodoximec, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefuroxime | |
| Skin and skin structure | Wild-type |
Carbapenems Ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid |
| Urinary tract (complicated) | Wild-type | Ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone |
| ESBL-producing | Carbapenems |
