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Table 1 Characteristics of patients on RRT

From: Correlation between parameters at initiation of renal replacement therapy and outcome in patients with acute kidney injury

Parameter

ICU

Survivors

(n = 848)

ICU

Non-survivors

(n = 999)

P

OR (95% CI)

Parameters on admission to ICU

    

Age, Mean (SD)

57.96 (17.01)

61.89 (14.19)

<0.0001

 

Male sex

558 (65.9%)

684 (68.4%)

0.23

 

Reason for ICU admission

    

Sepsis

521 (28.2%)

316 (60.7%)

  

Cardiac surgery

115 (13.6%)

121 (12.1%)

  

COPD/asthma

203 (11%)

117 (57.6%)

  

Cardiac disease (non-surgery)

233 (12.6%)

137 (58.8%)

  

Post-abdominal surgery

109 (5.9%)

77 (70.6%)

  

Neurological (non-surgical)

64 (3.5%)

13 (20.3%)

  

Trauma

28 (1.5%)

16 (57.1%)

  

APACHE II score

21 (1-43)

24 (3-52)

0.0001

 

Median (range)

    

SOFA score

10 (2-20)

11 (0-22)

0.3

 

Median (range)

    

Number of failed organs*

1 (0-5)

2 (0-6)

<0.0001

 

Median (range)

    

Emergency surgery

93 (11%)

150 (15.0%)

0.01

 

Hb ≤ 9 g/dL

243 (28.7%)

253 (25.3%)

0.11

 

Pre-existing chronic illness

174 (20.5%)

295 (29.5%)

<0.0001

 

Parameters during stay in ICU

    

Ventilated

710 (83.7%)

977 (97.8%)

<0.0001

8.63 (5.45-13.68)

Maximum OF in ICU

2 (0-5)

3 (0-6)

0.02

 

Median (range)

    

Parameters at time of RRT

    

Interval between ICU admission and RRT

    

< 3 days

657 (77.5%)

679 (68%)

<0.0001

 

3-5 days

97 (11.4%)

159 (15.9%)

(<3 days vs ≥ 3 days)

 

6-10 days

73 (8.6%)

101 (10.1%)

  

>10 days

21 (2.5%)

60 (6.0%)

  

Days between biochemical diagnosis of AKI III and RRT

    

Same day or before

1,568 (84.9%)

832 (53.1%)

  

1-2 days later

67 (3.6%)

44 (65.7%)

  

3-5 days later

37 (2.0%)

24 (64.9%)

  

6-10 days later

69 (3.7%)

32 (46.4%)

  

>10 days later

106 (5.7%)

57 (53.8%)

  

Biochemistry, Mean (SD)

    

Serum urea (mmol/L) (excl 31 pts)

24.1 (13.6)

24.23 (13.21)

0.84

 

Serum creatinine (umol/L)(excl 50 pts)

370.9 (269.9)

312 (177.9)

<0.0001

 

pH (excl 29 pts)

7.34 (0.13)

7.27 (0.16)

<0.0001

 

Serum HCO3 (umol/L) (excl 572 pts)

22.1 (5.94)

20.05 (6.24)

0.11

 

Serum K (mmol/L) (excl 30 pts)

4.55 (1.11)

4.63 (1.06)

0.17

 

Organ failure

    

CVS failure

243 (28.7%)

446 (44.6%)

<0.0001

2.01 (1.65-2.44)

RS failure

349 (41.2%)

615 (61.6%)

<0.0001

2.29 (1.90-2.76)

GI failure

129 (15.2%)

299 (29.9%)

<0.0001

2.38 (1.89-3.00)

NEURO failure

50 (5.9%)

160 (16.0%)

<0.0001

3.04 (2.18-4.24)

HAEM failure

62 (7.2%)

116 (11.6%)

0.002

1.67 (1.21-2.30)

HEP failure

24 (2.8%)

80 (8.0%)

<0.0001

2.99 (1.88-4.76)

CVS + RS failure

92 (10.9%)

260 (26.0%)

<0.0001

2.89 (2.23-3.74)

Total OF (excluding renal failure)

    

Median (range)

2 (0-5)

2 (0-6)

<0.0001

 

MAP (mm Hg) (excl 29 pts)

76.6 (26.1)

60.5 (21.01)

<0.0001

 

Oligoanuria (urine ≤ 400 ml/hr)

402 (47.3%)

597 (59.8%)

<0.0001

1.65 (1.37-1.98)

Median SOFA score [range]

10 [0-21]

12 [0-21]

<0.0001

 

Type of RRT

    

CRRT alone

665 (78.4%)

808 (80.9%)

0.2

1.16 (0.93-1.46)

IHD alone

54 (6.4%)

41 (4.1%)

0.03

0.63 (0.41-0.95)

PD alone

7 (0.8%)

5 (0.5%)

0.4

0.60 (0.19-1.91)

CRRT + IHD

116 (13.7%)

124 (12.4%)

0.45

0.89 (0.68-1.17)

CRRT + PD

5 (0.6%)

7 (0.7%)

1

1.19 (0.38-3.76)

  1. * excluding renal failure. AKI = acute kidney injury; APACHE = acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRRT = continuous renal replacement therapy; CVS = cardiovascular; excl = excluding; GI = gastrointestinal; HAEM = haematological; Hb = haemoglobin; HEP = liver; ICU = intensive care unit; IHD = intermittent haemodialysis; MAP = mean arterial blood pressure; NEURO = neurological; OF = organ failure; OR = odds ratio; PD = peritoneal dialysis; pts = patients; RRT = renal replacement therapy; RS = respiratory; SD = standard deviation; SOFA score = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score.
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