Clinical review: Practical recommendations on the management of perioperative heart failure in cardiac surgery

Table 5 Mechanical circulatory support used in the three clinical heart failure scenarios

Clinical scenarios	Commonly used devices
Precardiotomy HF	IABP
	Micro-axial flow pump^a
	Percutaneous (transfemoral) ECMO
	LA femoral artery centrifugal pump^b
Failure to wean from CPB	IABP
	Micro-axial flow pump^a
	ECMO
	Centrifugal pumps as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD
	Percutaneous pulsatile devices as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD^c
	Long-term implantable devices
Postcardiotomy HF	IABP
	Micro-axial flow pump
	ECMO
	Centrifugal pumps^d as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD
	Percutaneous pulsatile devices^c as LVAD, RVAD, BVAD
	Long-term implantable devices first, second and third generation

^aImpella; ^bTandemHeart; ^cAbiomed BVS 5000, AB 5000; Thoratec PVAD, Berlin Heart EXCOR; ^dCentrimag Levitronix, Biomedicus Medtronic etc. ll devices except those specified as long term are for short-term support. BVAD, bi-ventricular assist device; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HF, heart failure; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LA, left atrial; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; PVAD, paracorporeal ventricular assist device; RVAD, right ventricular assist device.

ISSN: 1364-8535