Late initiation of renal replacement therapy is associated with worse outcomes in acute kidney injury after major abdominal surgery

Table 3 Independent predictors for in-hospital mortality using Cox proportional hazards model

Variables	Univariate			Multivariate (Backward stepwise likelihood ratio)
	HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P
Old age (> 65 years)^a	1.960	1.127--3.408	0.017	2.090	1.196--3.654	0.010
Cardiac failure^b	4.084	2.003--8.328	< 0.001	4.620	2.216--9.632	< 0.001
Pre-RRT SOFA score^c	1.138	1.054--1.228	0.001	1.152	1.065--1.247	< 0.001
CVVH^d	1.940	1.123--3.352	0.018	----	-----	-----
Late dialysis^e	1.852	1.081--3.170	0.025	1.846	1.071--3.182	0.027

The independent variables were selected for multivariate analysis if they had a P ≤ 0.1 on univariate analysis.
Data were gathered before RRT initiation. Duration in analysis is calculated from RRT initiation to end point (mortality or discharge).
^a hazard for patients > 65 years = 1.0; ^b hazard for patients without cardiac failure = 1.0; ^c every increment of 1 point; ^d hazard for patients underwent intermittent hemodialysis = 1.0; ^e Late dialysis denotes initiation RRT in RIFLE-R and -F, hazard for patients in early dialysis group (start RRT in RIFLE-0 and --I) = 1.0.
APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; CVVH = continuous venovenous hemofiltration; HR = hazard ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; RRT = renal replacement therapy; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.

ISSN: 1364-8535