Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics at intensive care unit admission

Age (years)

51.8 (23)

Male gender

96 (74%)

Injury Severity Score

30.3 (7.7)

Simplified Acute Physiology Score II Score

49.8 (14.6)

Glasgow Coma Score

3 (3 to 8)

   Motor score

1 (1 to 5)

   1

78 (60.0%)

   2

11 (8.5%)

   3

11 (8.5%)

   4

6 (4.6%)

   5

24 (18.5%)

Absence of pupillary reflex

   Both

21 (16.2%)

   One

11 (8.5%)

Systolic arterial pressure <90 mmHg

7 (5.4%)

Tracheal intubation

   Prehospital

105 (81.0%)

   At admission

25 (19.2%)

Hypotension

16 (12.3%)

Diabetes

9 (6.9%)

History of heart disease

21 (16.2%)

History of arterial hypertension

24 (18.5%)

Chronic renal failure

1 (0.8%)

spO₂ (pulse oxymetry) (%)

97.3 (5.7%)

Hypoxia

11 (8.5%)

Plasma HCO₃ (mmol/l)

21.1 (3.4)

pCO₂ (mmHg)

38.9 (7.7)

Midline shift on brain CT

32 (24.6%)

Cerebral edema on brain CT

31 (23.8%)

Cerebral herniation on brain CT

21 (16.2%)

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

62 (47.7%)

Epidural hematoma

19 (14.6%)

Presence of petechial hemorrhages

15 (11.5%)

Subdural hematoma

72 (55.4%)

Cerebral contusion

67 (51.5%)

Obliteration of the third ventricle or basal cisterns

31 (23.8%)

CT classification

   I

13 (10%)

   II

6 (4.6%)

   III/IV

9 (6.9%)

   V/VI

102 (78.5%)

Urgent neurosurgery^a

54 (41.5%)

Polytrauma

78 (60.0%)

Thoracic trauma

89 (68.5%)

Abdominal trauma

25 (29.2%)