|
Female sex
|
45% (14/31)
|
50% (10/20)
|
41% (24/59)
|
45% (5/11)
|
48% (24/50)
|
|
Age (in years)
|
20 (10–53) (31/31)
|
23 (7–30) (20/20)
|
25 (17–31)‡ (59/59)
|
55 (46–64) (11/11)
|
28 (10–44) (50/50)
|
|
Underlying illness*
|
23%† (7/31)
|
10% (2/20)
|
2% (1/59)
|
0% (0/11)
|
4% (2/50)
|
|
Body temperature (°C)
|
38.8 (38.4–39.6)† (27/31)
|
38.3 (38.0–39.2) (18/20)
|
38.1 (37.7–38.7) (49/59)
|
37.8 (37.1–38.9) (9/11)
|
39 (37.5–39.6) (37/50)
|
|
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
|
93 (87–117) (22/31)
|
90 (79–106) (12/20)
|
90 (82–100) (42/59)
|
102 (86–115) (10/11)
|
93 (77–103) (30/50)
|
|
Heart rate (beats/minute)
|
113 (98–129)†‡ (20/31)
|
90 (80–108) (16/20)
|
88 (73–100) (44/59)
|
80 (70–101) (10/11)
|
100 (85–120) (30/50)
|
|
Septic shock
|
16%† (5/31)
|
0% (0/20)
|
0% (0/59)
|
0% (0/11)
|
8% (4/50)
|
|
Back rigidity
|
80%* (24/30)
|
95%ठ(18/19)
|
88%ठ(51/58)
|
40% (4/10)
|
57% (26/46)
|
|
Decreased consciousness
|
66%*†§ (19/29)
|
22%†‡ (4/18)
|
0%‡ (0/57)
|
91%§ (10/11)
|
13% (6/46)
|
|
Assisted ventilation
|
45%*†§ (14/31)
|
0% (0/20)
|
0% (0/59)
|
20% (2/10)
|
10% (5/50)
|
|
Steroid therapy
|
35%*†§ (11/31)
|
0% (0/20)
|
0% (0/59)
|
10% (1/10)
|
0% (0/50)
|
|
Fatal outcome
|
23%† (7/31)
|
5% (1/20)
|
0% (0/59)
|
18% (2/11)
|
4% (2/50)
|
|
Days in hospital (survivors)
|
11 (9–15)†§ (24/24)
|
9 (8–12)†§ (19/19)
|
4 (2–5)‡ (59/59)
|
12 (11–30)§ (9/9)
|
4 (2–7) (48/48)
|
|
CSF WBC count (× 106 cells/l)
|
3380 (767–6,528)*†‡§ (31/31)
|
359 (128–1,066)‡§ (20/20)
|
139 (61–366)§ (59/59)
|
57 (13–102)§ (11/11)
|
1 (1–2) (50/50)
|
|
CSF PMNs (× 106 cells/l)
|
2,727 (398–5,404)*†‡§ (30/31)
|
305 (112–600)†‡§ (20/20)
|
25 (7–75)§ (56/59)
|
5 (2–29)§ (9/11)
|
< 1
|
|
CSF mononuclear (× 106 cells/l)
|
248 (38–523)§ 30/31
|
16 (6–93)§ (20/20)
|
74 (25–327)§ (56/59)
|
79 (25–106)§ (9/11)
|
< 1
|
|
CSF glucose (mmol/l)
|
2.2 (0.6–3.5)†§ (30/31)
|
3.3 (3.0–3.7)§ (17/20)
|
3.3 (3.0–3.6)§ (56/59)
|
3.1 (2.7–3.9) (10/11)
|
3.7 (3.4–4.5) (48/50)
|
|
CSF/blood glucose ratio
|
0.3 (0.1–0.5)*†§ (22/31)
|
0.6 (0.4–0.7) (15/20)
|
0.6 (0.5–0.7) (46/59)
|
0.5 (0.3–0.7) (8/11)
|
0.6 (0.6–0.8) (30/50)
|
|
CSF protein (g/l)
|
1.9 (1.5–4.8)*†§ (30/31)
|
0.7 (0.7–1.4)§ (20/20)
|
0.7 (0.4–1.3)§ (54/59)
|
1.1 (0.6–1.7)§ (11/11)
|
0.3 (0.2–0.5) (47/50)
|
|
Blood WBC count (× 109 cells/l)
|
21.7 (14.1–24.4)†‡§ (31/31)
|
14.4 (8.3–16.8)† (20/20)
|
8.8 (7.3–10.9) (59/59)
|
7.4 (6.9–9.6) (9/11)
|
9.0 (6.2–12.8) (48/50)
|
|
Blood PMNs (× 109 cells/L)
|
17.1 (12.5–21.5)*†‡§ (30/31)
|
10.9 (7.0–15.0)†§ (20/20)
|
6.8 (5.3–8.5) (58/59)
|
4.5 (4.1–9.2) (4/11)
|
6.0 (4.5–9.6) (39/50)
|
|
Blood lymphocytes (× 109 cells/L)
|
1.1 (0.7–1.5) (30/31)
|
1.4 (1.1–1.8) (20/20)
|
1.5 (1.0–1.9) (58/59)
|
1.7 (0.8–2.1) (4/11)
|
1.3 (0.8–2.1) (38/50)
|
|
Blood monocytes (× 109 cells/l)
|
0.7 (0.4–1.0)† (30/31)
|
0.6 (0.4–0.9) (20/20)
|
0.4 (0.3–0.6) (58/59)
|
0.6 (0.3–0.9) (4/11)
|
0.4 (0.3–0.8) (38/50)
|
|
Platelets (× 109 cells/l)
|
235 (166–286) (31/31)
|
286 (215–370) (20/20)
|
254 (210–310) (56/59)
|
231 (174–351) (9/11)
|
230 (168–275) (47/50)
|
|
Sodium (mmol/l)
|
136 (135–138) (30/31)
|
136 (133–139) (20/20)
|
138 (136–140) (59/59)
|
130 (127–140) (8/11)
|
138 (136–141) (43/50)
|
|
Potassium (mmol/l)
|
3.6 (3.3–3.9)† (29/31)
|
3.8 (3.6–4.1) (19/20)
|
3.9 (3.7–4.2) (59/59)
|
4.0 (3.9–4.1) (7/11)
|
3.9 (3.4–4.3) (44/50)
|
|
Creatinine (μmol/l)
|
76 (54–85) (30/31)
|
58 (46/72) (18/20)
|
75 (55–85) (56/59)
|
83 (73–100) (7/11)
|
71 (49–87) (45/50)
|
|
Factors II, IIV and X
|
0.57 (0.4–0.7)† (28/31)
|
0.92 (0.7–1.0) (11/20)
|
0.78 (0.7–1.0) (36/59)
|
0.73 (0.6–1.0) (7/11)
|
0.74 (0.5–0.9) (31/50)
|
|
Arterial PO2 (kPa)
|
11.0 (9.0–13.0) (15/31)
|
12.3 (10.7–13.8) (7/20)
|
8.5 (7.8–11.5) (3/59)
|
5.2 (1/11)
|
12.7 (8.0–15.0) (6/50)
|
|
Positive blood culture
|
62%*†‡§ (18/29)
|
0% (0/20)
|
0% (0/59)
|
0% (0/10)
|
6% (3/48)
|
