Table 2 Mean inspiratory airway pressure (Paw mean), expiratory (PTPexp), inspiratory (PTPinsp) and PEEP (PTP_PEEP) pressure time products at a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute and a ventilatory rate of 15 breaths per minute

Normal lung condition

Paw mean (cmH₂O)

HF-BiPAP nBBIPAPBiPulse

10.5 ± 0.9

12.1 ± 0.2

14.6 ± 2.9

15.6 ± 2.4

BiVent

10.6 ± 1.2

11.8 ± 1.8

15.3 ± 2.8

15.5 ± 2.2

PTP _PEEP . (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

-0.1 ± 0.1

-0.2 ± 0.2

-0.2 ± 0.1

-0.1 ± 0.1

BiVent

0 ± 0

-0.2 ± 0.1

0 ± 0

-0.3 ± 0.2

PTP insp. (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

1.2 ± 0.8

1.1 ± 0.7

3.3 ± 2.6

4 ± 1.7

BiVent

1.3 ± 1.2

1.8 ± 1.5

2.7 ± 1.7

3.5 ± 2.4

PTP exp. (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP e

7 ± 6.1

3.8 ± 1.8

10 ± 6.4

4.2 ± 1.8

BiVent

7.2 ± 3.2

7.0 ± 0.9

11.8 ± 3.9

4.6 ± 1.8

Obstructive lung condition

Paw mean (cmH₂O)

HF-BiPAP

10.4 ± 1

10.4 ± 0.7

15 ± 3.8

16.3 ± 3.4

BiVent

10.3 ± 2.3

11 ± 3.5

15.4 ± 7.2

15.4 ± 4.1

PTP _PEEP . (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

0 ± 0

-0.13 ± 0.15

-0.01 ± 0.05

-0.05 ± 0.16

BiVent

0 ± 0

-0.2 ± 0.01

-0.02 ± 0.04

-0.2 ± 0.24

PTP insp. (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

1.0 ± 0.9

2.04 ± 1.4

3.6 ± 2.6

3.6 ± 2

BiVent

1.3 ± 1.1

2.5 ± 2.4

2.8 ± 2.1

3.1 ± 2.7

PTP exp. (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

3.8 ± 2.5

9.8 ± 4.8

2.9 ± 1.7

10.1 ± 8.1

BiVent

7.2 ± 3.2

10.9 ± 4.1

3.8 ± 1.9

10.3 ± 3.8

Restrictive lung condition

Paw mean (cmH₂O)

HF-BiPAP

10.5 ± 1

11.7 ± 0.1

14.7 ± 2.2

14.7 ± 2.3

BiVent

9.9 ± 1

11.1 ± 1

15 ± 2.8

15.4 ± 4.7

PTP _PEEP . (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

-0.16 ± 0.2

-0.1 ± 0.2

0.09 ± 0.1

-0.09 ± 0.1

BiVent

-0.35 ± 0.4

-0.24 ± 0.2

-0.16 ± 0.2

-0.16 ± 0.2

PTP insp. (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

1 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.2

3.3 ± 2

3.4 ± 2

BiVent

2 ± 1.5

1.4 ± 0.9

3.3 ± 2.9

1.9 ± 2.4

PTP exp. (cmH₂0/sec)

HF-BiPAP

3.7 ± 1.7

7.8 ± 3.7

4.2 ± 2.4

9.4 ± 4.5

BiVent

5 ± 1

7.2 ± 4.9

7.5 ± 3.2

10.1 ± 5.5