Table 2 Preoperative and surgical characteristics of patients who underwent major heart surgery
Characteristic | Global |
|---|---|
Preoperative | |
Number of patients | 971 |
Mean age in years (SD) | 64.1 (12.2) |
Sex, male/female | 690/281 |
Underlying conditions (%) | |
Myocardial infarction | 351 (36.1) |
Congestive heart failure | 125 (12.9) |
Central nervous system disorder | 82 (8.4) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 84 (8.7) |
Peripheral vascular disease | 179 (18.4) |
Ulcer disease | 51 (5.3) |
Diabetes mellitus | 114 (11.7) |
Renal disease | 33 (3.4) |
Malignant neoplasm | 14 (1.4) |
Liver disease | 56 (5.8) |
Severe pulmonary hypertension | 29 (3.0) |
Severe ventricular dysfunction | 76 (7.9) |
Previous cardiac surgery (%) | 96 (9.9) |
Mean Charlson comorbidity index (SD) | 1.6 (1.6) |
McCabe and Jackson groups (%) | |
1 | 68 (7.0) |
2 | 689 (71.0) |
3 | 214 (22.0) |
New York Heart Association functional class (%) | |
I | 148 (15.2) |
II | 290 (29.9) |
III | 390 (40.2) |
IV | 143 (14.7) |
American Society of Anesthesiologists score (%) | |
1 | 0 |
2 | 10 (1.0) |
3 | 673 (69.4) |
4 | 279 (28.7 |
5 | 19 (1.9) |
EuroSCORE (%) | |
Low risk (0 to 2) | 213 (21.9) |
Moderate risk (3 to 6) | 407 (41.9) |
High risk (> 6) | 351 (36.1) |
Surgical | |
Indication (%) | |
Elective | 781 (80.4) |
Urgent | 148 (15.2) |
Emergent | 42 (4.3) |
Type of surgery (%) | |
Valvular replacement | 267 (27.5) |
CABG | 528 (54.4) |
Mixed (valvular and CABG) | 76 (7.8) |
Heart transplantation | 14 (1.4) |
Aortic surgery | 46 (4.7) |
Other | 40 (4.1) |
Mean duration of surgery (minutes) (SD) | 233 (96.0) |
Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time (minutes) (SD) | 110.1 (54.1) |
Mean aortic cross-clamp time (minutes) (SD) | 71.9 (42.2) |