Risk factors for delirium in intensive care patients: a prospective cohort study

Table 6 Environmental factors

	n		mean (SD) or %			univariate	multivariate
	D	ND	D	ND	P*	OR (CI)	OR (CI)
admission via emergency room	60/118	119/259	51%	46%	0.22	1.22 (0.79 to 1.88)
admission via transfer	36/118	47/259	31%	18%	0.006	1.98 (1.20 to 3.28)
open room in intensive care	52/149	98/359	35%	27%	0.055	1.43 (0.95 to 2.15)
isolation	16/155	11/368	10%	3%	0.001	3.74 (1.69 to 8.25)	2.89 (1.00 to 8.36)
no visible daylight	70/155	118/368	45%	32%	0.003	1.75 (1.19 to 2.56)	2.39 (1.28 to 4.45)
no clock present or visible	19/155	36/368	12%	10%	0.243	1.29 (0.71 to 2.33)
number of visitors	88	168	2.4 (1.9)	2.5 (2.0)	0.70	0.97 (0.85 to 1.11)
no visit	27/96	21/173	28%	12%	0.001	2.83 (1.50 to 5.36)	3.73 (1.75 to 7.93)
physical restraints	25/66	4/226	38%	2%	<0.001	33.84 (11.19 to 102.36)

Continuous variables are presented in number, mean and standard deviation (SD); categorical variables are presented in number per group and percentage.
* P value of difference in groups, calculated with independent samples t-test for continuous variables, with Chi squared for categorical variables.
CI = confidence interval; D = delirium group; ND = non-delirium group; OR = odds ratio.

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