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Table 3 Results: efficacy

From: Dexmedetomidine vs. haloperidol in delirious, agitated, intubated patients: a randomised open-label trial

 

Dexmedetomidine

Haloperidol

P

Primary

   

Time to extubation, hours: median (IQR)

19.9 (7.3 to 24.0)

42.2 (23.2 to 117.8)

0.016

Secondary

   

Time to ICU discharge after randomisation, days: median (IQR)

1.5 (1 to 3)

6.5 (4 to 9)

0.0039

Total ICU length of stay, days: median (IQR)

4.5 (2 to 7)

8.0 (7.0 to 11.0)

0.0093

Time taken to achieve a satisfactory RASS agitation score (-2 to 1), hours: median (IQR)

4 (0 to 7)

18 (9 to 22)

0.071

Time taken to achieve a satisfactory ICDSC score (< 4), hours: median (IQR)

0 (0 to 2)

0 (0 to 2)

0.509

Proportion of time with a satisfactory RASS agitation score (-2 to 1), %: median (IQR)

50.5 (20 to 78)

26.5 (13 to 42)

0.256

Proportion of time with a satisfactory ICDSC score (< 4) when assessable, %: median (IQR)

95.5 (51 to 100)

31.5 (17 to 97)

0.122

Proportion of time with a desirable ICDSC score (< 1) when assessable, %: median (IQR)

61.0 (0.0 to 100.0)

0.0 (0.0 to 0.0)

0.134

Required restraint at any time while on study drug, %

90

80

0.53

Of patients requiring restraint at any time while on study drug, time to first not requiring restraint for > 4 hours, hours: median (IQR)

18 (7.3 to 38.5)

38 (26.3 to 49.8)

0.03

Need for supplemental sedative or analgesic medication, %

   

   Propofol

60

80

0.33

   Midazolam

20

10

0.53

   Morphine

30

40

0.64

Of patients requiring supplemental sedative or analgesic medication, dose rate: mean (95% CI)

   

   Propofol, mg/hour

87.7 (15.5 to 160.0)

123.4 (30.4 to 216.3)

0.504

   Midazolam, mg/hour

1.0 (1.0 to 1.0)

2.4 (N/A)

N/A

   Morphine, mg/hour

1.0 (0.5 to 1.5)

1.6 (0.3 to 2.8)

0.28

Of patients requiring supplemental sedative or analgesic medication, % time this was required: mean (95% CI)

   

Propofol

41.2 (0 to 88.2)

79.5 (61.8 to 97.2)

0.05

Midazolam

0 (0 to 0)

0 (N/A)

N/A

Morphine

0 (0 to 0)

32.9 (0 to 100)

0.29

Required tracheostomy

0

3

0.06

  1. CI = confidence interval; ICDSC = Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist; ICU = intensive care unit; IQR = interquartile range; RASS = Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale.