Table 2 Characteristics of study patients during intensive care unit stay

Central venous catheter

224 (96)

246 (69)

< 0.001

10.9 (5.40 to 22.08)

Duration of central venous catheter use, days

25 ± 19

13 ± 9

< 0.001

Arterial catheter

218 (93)

218 (61)

< 0.001

9.06 (5.15 to 15.9)

Duration of arterial catheter use, days

25 ± 19

12 ± 7

< 0.001

Urinary catheter

223 (95)

281 (79)

< 0.001

5.79 (2.92 to 11.47)

Duration of urinary catheter use, days

25 ± 19

13 ± 9

< 0.001

Mechanical ventilation

225 (96)

244 (68)

< 0.001

12.6 (6.04 to 26.5)

Duration of mechanical ventilation, days

24 ± 18

11 ± 7

< 0.001

Reintubation

33 (14)

18 (5)

< 0.001

3.08 (1.69 to 5.61)

Tracheostomy

55 (23)

24 (6)

< 0.001

4.24 (2.54 to 7.09)

Fibreoptic bronchoscopy

140 (60)

93 (26)

< 0.001

4.22 (2.96 to 6.01)

Digestive tract endoscopy

52 (22)

32 (9)

< 0.001

2.89 (1.79 to 4.65)

Antimicrobial treatment

211 (90)

286 (80)

0.001

2.28 (1.36 to 3.80)

Duration of antimicrobial treatment, days

19 ± 16

11 ± 6

< 0.001

Remifentanil use

203 (87)

191 (53)

< 0.001

5.77 (3.73 to 8.93)

Duration of remifentanil use, days

12 ± 11

7 ± 4

< 0.001

Dose of remifentanil, mg/kg/day

0.73 ± 0.25

0.61 ± 0.21

0.083

Remifentanil discontinuation

153 (65)

133 (37)

< 0.001

3.17 (2.24 to 4.49)

Midazolam use

136 (58)

106 (29)

< 0.001

3.28 (2.32 to 4.63)

Duration of midazolam use, days

9 ± 7

5 ± 4

< 0.001

Dose of midazolam, mg/kg/days

1.76 ± 0.91

1.36 ± 0.70

0.183

Midazolam discontinuation

86 (36)

73 (20)

< 0.001

2.25 (1.55 to 3.26)

Ramsay score

3.6 ± 1

2.7 ± 1

0.043

Neuromuscular blocking agent use

36 (15)

25 (7)

0.001

2.40 (1.40 to 4.12)

Acute withdrawal

48 (20)

32 (9)

< 0.001

2.61 (1.61 to 4.23)

Length of stay before ICU-acquired infection, days

24 ± 19

11 ± 8

< 0.001