Table 1 Genetic association studies of the CD14 C-159T polymorphism and infectious disease
From: Bench-to-bedside review: Association of genetic variation with sepsis
Reference | Patients/cells | n | Association |
|---|---|---|---|
[41] | 1st time MI male patients; mean age 55.9 ± 6.3 years | 178 cases, 135 controls, 18 volunteers | T ↑ cases (OR 1.78) |
|  |  |  | T ↑ mCD14 |
[108] | Children | 481 | TT ↑ sCD14 (P = 0.01) |
[109] | Patients with severe sepsis | 204 cases, 247 controls | No difference in allele f between cases and controls; no association with mortality |
[110] | Monocytes/hepatocytes |  | T ↓ binding of Sp1,2,3, TFs |
[111] | Healthy blood donors | 95 unstimulated blood samples | No difference in sCD14, mCD14, or TNF concentration by genotype |
[34] | White septic shock patients | 95 cases, 122 controls | TT ↑ in septic shock patients and associated with ↑ risk of mortality |
[35] | Severely injured blunt trauma patients | 58 cases, 95 controls | No difference between cases and controls |
[36] | ICU patients with SIRS | 77 cases, 39 controls | No association with incidence of infection or outcome |
[112] | PBMCs from healthy persons stimulated with bacterial ligands | 22 | TT ↑ TNF-α mRNA levels after Escherichia coli or LPS stimulation |
[113] | Healthy subjects | 315 | TT ↑ risk for Chlamydia pneumoniae infection |
[114] | Very low birth weight infants | 356 | No association with development of blood-culture proven sepsis |
[115] | Tuberculosis patients | 267 cases, 112 controls | No association with tuberculosis or sCD14 levels |
[116] | PBMCs and plasma from healthy individuals | 165 | TT ↑ mCD14 |
|  |  |  | TT and CT ↑ sCD14 |
|  |  |  | TT ↑ TNF-α after Chlamydia stimulation |
[117] | CAD patients (78 Chlamydia positive) | 610 | T allele associated with ↑ likelihood of chronic Chlamydia infection |
[118] | Acute pancreatitis | 117 cases, 263 controls | No association with sCD14 or mCD14 |
| Â | Â | Â | No association with disease severity |
[119] | Acute pancreatitis | 77 cases, 71 controls | No association with severity of pancreatitis |
[48] | ICU patients with SIRS | 252 patients | TT ↑ Gram negative cultures |
[39] | Critically ill Japanese patients | 197 cases, 214 controls | No association with sepsis or sepsis mortality |
[120] | Blood from healthy individuals | 160 | No association with cytokine release after stimulation |
[38] | ICU patients in Brazil | 85 | TT ↑ survival |
[121] | Term neonates cord blood cultures | 135 | CD14 -159T ↑ sCD14 in response to LPS |
[122] | Children with invasive pneumococcal disease, healthy controls | 85 and 409, respectively | ↑ prevalence of CC genotype in patients with S. pneumoniae |