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Table 1 Study characteristics.

From: Evaluation of SOFA-based models for predicting mortality in the ICU: A systematic review

 

Study design

Population

Models

Variables

Comparison

 
 

Setting (Location)a

Study periodb

Nc/ICU Typed/Mortality%e

Model/Valid.f

SOFA Abstractionsg

Othersh

Standard Modeli

Mort.j

Toma et al (2008) [9]

1 ICU (NL)

Jul 98 to Aug 05

2928/Mix/H = 24

LR/Ind.

Seq of IOF1

SAPS II

SAPS II

H

Toma et al (2007) [8]

1 ICU (NL)

Jul 98 to Aug 05

6276/Mix/H = 11

LR/Ind.

Seq of SOFA2

SAPS II

SAPS II

H

Ho (2007) [4]

1 multidisc ICU (AU)

Jan 05 to Dec 05

1311/Mix/H = 14.5

LR/Ind.

TMS Adm Delta (TMS-Adm)

APACHE II

APACHE II

H

Ho et al (2007) [11]

1 multidisc ICU (AU)

Jan 05 to Dec 05

1311/Mix/H = 14.5

No

TMS Adm Delta (TMS-Adm)

No

APACHE II, APS, RPH

H

Holtfreter et al (2006) [12]

1 ICU (DE)

42 months

933/Mix/H = 25/I = 23.9

No

Adm

No

16 variables, APACHE II

H

Zygun et al (2005) [14]

3 ICUs (CA)

May 00 to Apr 01

1436/Mix/H = 35.1/I = 27

LR/NR

Adm TMS, Mean (ICU stay), Delta (TMS-Adm), Adm (i)

No

MODS

H/I

Cabré et al (2005) [6]

79 ICUs (75 ES, 4 L-Am)

Feb 01 to Mar 01

1324/Mix/H = 44.6/I = 37.3

LR/NR

Min (MODS period), Max (MODS period), 5-day trend3

Age

No

H

Timsit et al (2002) [15]

6 ICUs (FR)

24 months

1685/Mix/H = 30.3/I = 22.5

LR/Ind.*

D1-7, D1-7 (mod)

No

LODS

H

Pettilä et al (2002) [17]

1 med-surg ICU (FI)

NR

520/Mix/H = 30/I = 16.5

No

Adm, D5, Max (5d), Delta (d5-d1), TMS

No

APACHE III, MODS, LODS

H

Janssens et al (2000) [20]

1 med ICU (DE)

Nov 97 to Feb 98

303/Med/H = 14.5/I = 6.3

LR/NR

Adm, TMS, Delta (TMS-Adm)

No

No

H

Khwannimit (2007) [10]

1 ICU (TH)

Jul 04 to Mar 06

1782/Mix/H = 22/I = 16.4

No

Adm

No

MODS, SOFA, LODS

I

Rivera- Fernández et al (2007) [5]

55 ICUs (EU)

2 months in 97/98

6409/Mix/H = 20.6/I = 13.9

LR/Ind.

Mean (ICU stay), Max(ICU stay)

SAPS II, diagnosis events

SAPS II

I

Gosling et al (2006) [13]

1 general ICU (UK)

Nov 02 to Oct 03

431/Mix/I = 20.9

No

Adm SOFA

No

APACHE II, urine albumin and 5 other factors

I

Kajdacsy- Balla Amaral et al (2005) [7]

40 ICUs (1 AU, 35 EU, 1 N-Am, 3 S-Am)

1 May 95 to 31 May 95

748 (6 countries)/Mix/I = 21.5

LR/NR

Adm, TMS, Delta (48 h-Adm), Delta (TMS-Adm)

Different parameters

No

I

Junger et al (2002) [18]

1 operative ICU (DE)

Apr 99 to Mar 00

524/Surg/I = 12.4

No

Max (ICU stay), TMS, Delta (TMS-Adm), Adm (mod)

No

No

I

Ferreira et al (2001) [19]

1 med-surg ICU (BE)

Apr 99 to Jul 99

352/Mix/I = 23

No

Adm, 48 h, 96 h, Delta (48 h-Adm), Delta (96 h-Adm), Max (ICU stay), Mean (ICU stay), Total

No

No

I

Moreno et al (1999) [21]

40 ICUs (1 AU, 35 EU, 1 N-Am, 3 S-Am)

May 95

1449/Mix/H = 26/I = 22

LR/NR

Adm, TMS, Delta (TMS-Adm), Adm (i)

No

No

I

Bota et al (2002) [16]

1 ICU (BE)

Apr to Jul99, Oct to Nov99, Jul to Sep00

949/Mix/U = 29.1

No

Adm, 48 h, 96 h, Dis, Max (24 h), Adm (c), 48 h (c), 96 h (c), Dis (c), Max (c, 24 h)

No

APACHE II, MODS

U

  1. a: AU = Australia, BE = Belgium, CA = Canada, DE = Germany, EU = European Union, ES = Spain, FR = France, FI = Finland, ICU = Intensive Care Unit, L-Am = Latin-America, med = medical, multidisc = multidisciplinary, N-Am = North-America, NL = The Netherlands, S-Am = South-America, surg = surgical, TH = Thailand, UK = United Kingdom.
  2. b: NR = Not reported.
  3. c: N = Number of patients.
  4. d: Med = medical, Mix = Mixed, Surg = surgical.
  5. e: H = Hospital mortality, I = ICU mortality, U = Unspecified mortality.
  6. f: Ind. = Independent validation set used (*indicates the use of bootstrapping), LR = Logistic Regression, Model = Model type reported, No = No model was used, NR = Not Reported, Valid. = Validation method.
  7. g: 1 = Sequences of categorised individual components of SOFA (Failure-Non failure), 2 = Sequences of categorised SOFA scores (High-Medium-Low), 3 = SOFA trend over 5 days (-1 if SOFA is decreased, 0 if SOFA is unchanged, 1 if SOFA is increased), Adm = Admission, c = cardiovascular component of SOFA, cust = customised, Dis = Discharge, Dx = Day x (x = day number), i = individual components of SOFA, IOF = individual Organ Failure scores, Max = Maximum, mod = modified, seq = sequences, SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, TMS = Total Maximum SOFA, xd = x days (x = number of days), xh = x hours (x = number of hours).
  8. h: APACHE = Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation, SAPS = Simplified Acute Physiology Score.
  9. i: APACHE = Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation, APS = Acute Physiology Score, LODS = Logistic Organ Dysfunction System, MODS = Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score, RPH = Royal Perth Hospital Intensive Care Unit, SAPS = Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
  10. j: H = Hospital mortality, I = ICU mortality, Mort. = Mortality, U = Unspecified mortality.