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Table 1 Cardiac output in 20 patients: repeated measurements with the reference technique and single test measurements

From: Bench-to-bedside review: The importance of the precision of the reference technique in method comparison studies – with specific reference to the measurement of cardiac output

Patient

CO1, L/min

CO2, L/min

CO3, L/min

CO4, L/min

Mean CO, L/min

CV, ± %

CE, ± %

Studied CO, L/min

1

6.5

8.8

7.0

7.7

7.5

13

7

6.9

2

11.8

15.1

14.3

12.8

13.5

11

5

10.9

3

7.8

6.7

6.5

6.6

6.9

9

4

6.7

4

7.0

7.3

6.5

7.1

7.0

5

2

8.2

5

6.1

6.7

7.6

6.5

6.7

9

5

5.9

6

13.2

14.4

12.8

13.6

13.5

5

3

14.2

7

13.1

11.7

14.7

13.3

13.2

9

5

11.9

8

6.1

6.3

6.6

7.4

6.6

9

4

7.3

9

16.2

12.7

13.3

14.4

14.2

11

5

13.8

10

5.2

5.2

3.9

5.6

5.0

15

7

6.0

11

6.8

7.4

6.1

6.4

6.7

8

4

7.1

12

8.2

7.7

8.2

7.6

7.9

4

2

7.4

13

6.7

5.5

6.9

5.8

6.2

11

5

6.8

14

3.9

4.3

4.7

5.0

4.5

11

5

3.9

15

6.1

6.6

6.7

4.9

6.1

14

7

7.8

16

8.0

8.5

8.0

8.2

8.2

3

1

10.2

17

8.0

6.9

7.5

8.1

7.6

7

4

9.4

18

7.0

6.3

7.5

6.5

6.8

8

4

5.6

19

8.2

7.5

8.8

8.3

8.2

7

3

10.1

20

4.5

3.9

4.1

4.6

4.3

8

4

4.5

Average

8.0

8.0

8.1

8.0

8.0

9

4

8.2

  1. Mean cardiac output (CO) is the mean of the four measurements. CV is the coefficient of variation for a single measurement, and CE is the coefficient of error when four measurements are averaged. The studied CO is the single measurement for the studied technique.