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Table 5 Processed EEG and physiological parameters 2 minutes before endotracheal suctioning, with and without medication given up to 10 minutes before endotracheal suctioning

From: Entropy and bispectral index for assessment of sedation, analgesia and the effects of unpleasant stimuli in critically ill patients: an observational study

Variable

Without medication

With medication

P

Test

N

282

103

  

Response entropy

91 (47 to 97)

82 (39 to 97)

0.111

Mann-Whitney

State entropy

78 (42 to 87)

66 (31 to 85)

0.101

Mann-Whitney

BIS-Index

80 (57 to 93)

76 (49 to 91)

0.078

Mann-Whitney

Heart rate (beats/minute)

83 (70 to 99)

91 73–100)

0.09

Mann-Whitney

etCO2 (mmHg)

37 (33.44)

41 (34 to 53)

< 0.01

Mann-Whitney

FiO2 (%)

40 (38 to 49)

47 (38 to 58)

0.02

Mann-Whitney

Respiratory rate (breaths/minute)

14.0 (11.0 to 18.0)

14.5 (11.6 to 19.0)

0.43

Mann-Whitney

SpO2 (%)

95 (93 to 79)

95 (93 to 97)

0.92

Mann-Whitney

SBP (mmHg)

116 (103 to 138)

117 (103 to 134)

0.83

Mann-Whitney

MBP (mmHg)

74 (67 to 83)

75 (65 to 81)

0.45

Mann-Whitney

DBP (mmHg)

55 (49 to 61)

53 (44 to 60)

0.19

Mann-Whitney

RSS score

2 (2 to 4; n = 147)

3 (2 to 4; n = 61)

0.25

Mann-Whitney

Age (years)

66.6 ± 12.3

60.0 ± 10.9

0.11

t-test

SAPS II score

47.7 ± 19.2

42.2 ± 16.0

0.40

t-test

LOS (minutes)

10,750 (5,230 to 195,90)

10,305 (6,600 to 12,210)

0.99

Mann-Whitney

  1. Because of the unbalanced numbers of events, age, SAPS and LOS were divided into two groups: endotracheal suctioning without medication or with medication less than 50% of the time, and endotracheal suctioning with medication more than 50% of the time or always with medication. Values are expressed as median (interquartile range) or as mean ± standard deviation. BIS, bispectral index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EEG, electroencephlogram; etCO2, end-tidal barbon dioxide; FiO 2, fractional inspired oxygen; LOS, length of stay; MBP, mean blood pressure; RSS, Ramsay Sedation Scale; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SpO2, pulse oximetry.