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Table 9 Performance of various values of PetCO2 and duration of CPR for prediction of survival in patients with shockable initial rhythm in cardiac arrest

From: Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide successful predicts cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the field: a prospective observational study

PetCO2

Cut-off (kPa [mmHg])

n

Min-max (kPa [mmHg])

Mean ± SD (kPa [mmHg])

Sensitivity (%)

Specificity (%)

PPV (%)

NPV (%)

AUROC (95% CI)

Initial

≤1.3 (10)

71

0.0–10 (0.0–1.3)

5.3 ± 1.9 (0.69 ± 0.35)

100

34

40

100

0.73 (0.67–0.78)

 

>1.3 (10

233

10.1–65.4 (1.4–8.7)

19.5 ± 6.8 (2.59 ± 1.07)

     

0–10 minute (average)

≤1.7 (12.8)

91

0.3–1.7 (2,5–12.8)

0.99 ± 0.36 (7.5 ± 2.1)

100

43

44

100

0.82 (0.78–0.87)

 

>1.7 (12.8)

213

1.8–4.8 (12.9–36.1)

2.86 ± 0.76 (21.8 ± 5.2)

     

10 minute

≤1.6 (12.1)

82

0.3–1.6 (2.3–12.1)

1.04 ± 0.41 (7.6 ± 3.4)

100

39

42

100

0.82 (0.78–0.87)

 

>1.6 (12.1)

222

1.7–5.8 (12.2–43.6)

3.24 ± 0.93 (24.1 ± 7.1)

     

11–15 minute (average)

≤1.6 (12.1)

93

0.4–1.6 (3.3–12.2)

0.99 ± 0.28 (7.4 ± 2.3)

100

44

45

100

0.78 (0.73–0.83)

 

>1.6 (12.1)

211

1.8–5.5 (12.3–41.4)

3.22 ± 0.74 (24.4 ± 4.9)

     

15 minute

≤1.9 (14.3)

94

0.2–1.9 (1.9–14.3)

1.25 ± 0.41 (7.9 ± 2.9)

100

45

45

100

0.78 (0.73–0.83)

 

>1.9 (14.3)

210

2.0–7.7 (14.4–57.9)

3.73 ± 0.98 (27.8 ± 7.1)

     

20 minute

≤1.5 (11.3)

93

0.3–1.5 (2.8–11.3)

0.95 ± 0.26 (7.2 ± 2.1)

100

44

45

100

0.78 (0.72–0.83)

 

>1.5 (11.3)

211

2.1–7.3 (11.4–54.9)

4.33 ± 1.11 (32.3 ± 7.8)

     

Max

≤2.5 (18.8)

89

0.7–2.5 (0.7–18.8)

1.62 ± 0.39 (12.4 ± 3.3)

100

42

44

100

0.81 (0.76–0.86)

 

>2.5 (18.8)

215

2.6–10.6 (18.9–79.7)

5.3 ± 1.48 (39.9 ± 11.5)

     

Final

≤1.5 (11.3)

93

0.3–1.5 (2.7–11.3)

1.0 ± 0.32 (7.5 ± 3.1)

100

44

45

100

0.78 (0.73–0.83)

 

>1.5 (11.3)

211

1.9–6.3 (11.4–47.4)

3.69 ± 0.94 (27.8 ± 6.9)

     
  1. 'Shockable' was defined as ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia. AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; NPV, negative predictive value; PetCO2, partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide; PPV, positive predictive value; ROSC, restoration of spontaneous circulation; SD, standard deviation.