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Table 8 Performance of various values of PetCO2 and duration of CPR for prediction of ROSC in patients with nonshockable initial rhythm in cardiac arrest

From: Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide successful predicts cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the field: a prospective observational study

PetCO2

Cut-off (kPa [mmHg])

n

Min-max (kPa [mmHg])

Mean ± SD (kPa [mmHg])

Sensitivity (%)

Specificity (%)

PPV (%)

NPV (%)

AUROC (95% CI)

Initial

≤1.3 (10)

97

0.0–1.3 (0.0–10)

0.66 ± 0.32 (5.1 ± 2.3)

100

40

57

100

0.61 (0.56–0.67)

 

>1.3 (10)

336

1.4–8.4 (10.1–63.2)

4.17 ± 2.2 (30.8 ± 15.8)

     

0–10 minute (average)

≤1.6 (12.1)

220

0.4–1.6 (3.4–12.1)

0.97 ± 0.34 (7.3 ± 2.2)

100

91

90

100

0.99 (0.98–0.99)

 

>1.6 (12.1)

213

1.7–5.6 (12.2–42.1)

2.74 ± 0.87 (20.6 ± 6.7)

     

10 minute

≤1.3 (11)

147

0.3–1.3 (3.6–11)

0.86 ± 0.32 (6.9 ± 2.1)

100

61

67

100

0.98 (0.97–0.99)

 

>1.3 (11)

286

1.4–7.2 (11.1–54.2)

2.74 ± 1.14 (21.1 ± 7.9)

     

11–15 minute (average)

≤1.7 (12.8)

240

0.4–1.7 (3.7–12.8)

0.99 ± 0.31 (7.3 ± 2.6)

100

99

99

100

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

 

>1.7 (12.8)

193

1.9–5.1 (12.9–38.4)

3.15 ± 0.79 (24.1 ± 7.1)

     

15 minute

≤1.8 (13.5)

236

0.3–1.8 (2.3–13.5)

1.11 ± 0.39 (7.7 ± 3.3)

100

98

97

100

0.99 (0.99–1.00)

 

>1.8 (13.5)

197

1.9–6.1 (13.6–45.9)

3.58 ± 0.97 (27.1 ± 7.4)

     

20 minute

≤1.9 (14.3)

242

0.3–1.9 (2.2–14.3)

0.91 ± 0.29 (7.3 ± 2.4)

100

100

100

100

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

 

>1.9 (14.3)

191

2.1–7.8 (14.4–58.7)

4.38 ± 1.17 (33.1 ± 7.6)

     

Max

≤2.3 (17.3)

210

0.8–2.3 (6.7–17.3)

1.59 ± 0.35 (13.2 ± 3.4)

100

87

86

100

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

 

>2.3 (17.3)

223

2.4–10.7 (17.4–80.5)

5.0 ± 1.61 (37.6 ± 15.8)

     

Final

≤1.6 (12.3)

239

0.2–1.6 (1.8–12.3)

0.97 ± 0.33 (7.2 ± 2.8)

100

99

98

100

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

 

>1.6 (12.3)

194

1.0–6.6 (12.4–49.6)

3.59 ± 0.98 (27.1 ± 7.4)

     
  1. 'Nonshockable' was defined as asystole or pulseless electrical activity. AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; NPV, negative predictive value; PetCO2, partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide; PPV, positive predictive value; ROSC, restoration of spontaneous circulation; SD, standard deviation