Table 1 Characteristics of patients receiving DrotAA compared with control patients
From: Drotrecogin alfa (activated): real-life use and outcomes for the UK
Characteristic | All admissions receiving DrotAA (n = 1,292) | Admissions with severe sepsis and ≥2 organ systems failing receiving DrotAA (N = 1,079) | Admissions with severe sepsis and ≥2 organ systems failing not receiving DrotAA (n = 15,939) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years; mean ± SD) | 58.8 ± 16.0 | 59.1 ± 16.1 | 63.3 ± 17.2 |
Sex (n [%]) | |||
   Female | 638 (49.4) | 535 (49.6) | 7,333 (46.0) |
   Male | 654 (50.6) | 544 (50.4) | 8,604 (54.0) |
Mechanical ventilation on admission or during first 24 hours of stay in critical care (n [%]) | 1,163 (90.0) | 998 (92.5) | 12,060 (75.7) |
APACHE II score (mean ± SD) | |||
   Acute physiology score | 18.2 (6.5) | 18.8 (6.4) | 16.0 (6.5) |
   Score | 21.9 (6.9) | 22.6 (6.7) | 20.7 (7.2) |
ICNARC model physiology score (mean ± SD) | 29.1 (9.0) | 30.4 (8.4) | 24.9 (9.4) |
Serious conditions in past medical historya (n [%]) | |||
   Liver | 10 (0.8) | 9 (0.8) | 384 (2.4) |
   Cardiovascular | 5 (0.4) | 5 (0.5) | 263 (1.7) |
   Respiratory | 23 (1.8) | 23 (2.1) | 630 (4.0) |
   Renal | 14 (1.1) | 12 (1.1) | 315 (2.0) |
   Immunosuppressed | 92 (7.1) | 78 (7.2) | 1,545 (9.7) |
Admission typeb (n [%]) | |||
   Medical | 939 (72.7) | 789 (73.1) | 11,375 (71.4) |
   Elective surgical | 56 (4.3) | 32 (3.0) | 819 (5.1) |
   Emergency surgical | 297 (23.0) | 258 (23.9) | 3,745 (23.5) |
Organ systems failing during first 24 hours of stay in critical care (n [%]) | |||
   Cardiovascular | 1,235 (95.6) | 1,070 (99.2) | 15,136 (95.0) |
   Respiratory | 1,166 (90.3) | 1,005 (93.1) | 13,722 (86.1) |
   Renal | 480 (37.7) | 427 (40.0) | 4,274 (27.1) |
   Haematological | 229 (17.7) | 199 (18.4) | 2,290 (14.4) |
   Metabolic acidosis | 990 (76.6) | 872 (80.8) | 9,674 (60.7) |
Number of organ systems failing during first 24 hours of stay in critical care (n [%]) | |||
   <2 | 60 (4.7) | N/A | N/A |
   2 | 238 (18.4) | 198 (18.4) | 6,809 (42.7) |
   3 | 498 (38.5) | 433 (40.1) | 5,664 (35.5) |
   4 | 398 (30.8) | 362 (33.6) | 2,844 (17.8) |
   5 | 98 (7.6) | 86 (8.0) | 622 (3.9) |
Primary site of infectionc (n [%]) | |||
   Lung | 495 (41.9) | 423 (42.8) | N/R |
   Abdomen | 478 (40.4) | 390 (39.5) | N/R |
   Urinary tract | 57 (4.8) | 51 (5.2) | N/R |
   Other | 158 (13.4) | 131 (13.3) | N/R |
Positive blood cultured (n [%]) | 438 (40.3) | 381 (42.1) | N/R |
Organisms cultured (n [%]) | |||
   Any | 814 (64.6) | 692 (65.8) | N/R |
   Gram-negative | 399 (49.0) | 331 (47.8) | N/R |
   Gram-positive | 437 (53.7) | 382 (55.2) | N/R |
   Fungus | 101 (12.4) | 81 (11.7) | N/R |
Deaths within 96 hours of unit admission (n [%]) | 166 (12.9) | 151 (14.0) | 3,315 (20.8) |
Mortality (deaths [%]) | |||
   Unit | 449 (34.8) | 385 (35.7) | 5,404 (33.9) |
   Hospitale | 567 (45.0) | 484 (45.4) | 7,438 (46.7) |
Location at 28-days (n [%]) | |||
   Died | 463 (35.8) | 398 (36.9) | 6,541 (41.0) |
   Unit | 240 (18.6) | 177 (16.4) | 888 (5.6) |
   Hospital | 363 (28.1) | 312 (28.9) | 3,865 (24.3) |
   Out of Hospitale | 226 (17.5) | 192 (17.8) | 4,645 (29.1) |
Unit length of stay (days; median [IQR]) | |||
   Unit survivors | 14.2 (8.1–24.9) | 13.8 (8.0–23.2) | 5.0 (2.2–11.0) |
   Unit nonsurvivors | 7.2 (2.3–16.3) | 6.4 (2.0–15.6) | 2.5 (1.0–7.4) |
Hospital length of stay (days; median [IQR])f | |||
   Hospital survivors | 44 (25–69) | 44 (24–66) | 29 (16–52) |
   Hospital nonsurvivors | 15 (6–31) | 14 (5–28) | 11 (4–25) |
Destination following discharge from hospital housing critical care unit (n [%]) | |||
Another acute hospital | 41 (6.5) | 29 (5.5) | 537 (6.8) |
   Hospice or equivalent | 8 (1.3) | 8 (1.5) | 40 (0.5) |
   Long-term institutional care | 13 (2.0) | 12 (2.3) | 126 (1.6) |
   Rehabilitation unit | 43 (6.8) | 35 (6.6) | 549 (7.0) |
   Normal residence | 531 (83.5) | 446 (84.2) | 6,652 (84.2) |