Implementation and evaluation of the SPRINT protocol for tight glycaemic control in critically ill patients: a clinical practice change

Table 1 Comparison of SPRINT and retrospective cohort baseline variables

	Overall
	Retrospective		SPRINT		P value
Total patients	413		371
Age, years	64 (53–74)		65 (49–74)		0.53
Percentage of males	59.1%		63.6%		0.19
APACHE II score	18 (15–23)		18 (15–24)		0.50
APACHE II risk of death	28.5% (14.2%-49.7%)		25.7% (13.1%-49.4%)		0.39
Diabetic history	71 (17.2%)		62 (16.7%)		0.86
APACHE III diagnosis
Operative	Number of patients	Percentage	Number of patients	Percentage	P value
Cardiovascular	99	24%	76	20%	0.24
Respiratory	10	2%	9	2%	1.00
Gastrointestinal	53	13%	60	16%	0.18
Neurological	9	2%	7	2%	0.77
Trauma	8	2%	14	4%	0.12
Other (renal, metabolic, orthopaedic)	4	1%	4	1%	0.88
Non-operative	Number of patients	Percentage	Number of patients	Percentage	P value
Cardiovascular	41	10%	39	11%	0.79
Respiratory	77	19%	66	18%	0.76
Gastrointestinal	7	2%	10	3%	0.34
Neurological	33	8%	20	5%	0.15
Trauma	29	7%	32	9%	0.40
Sepsis	29	7%	17	5%	0.15
Other (renal, metabolic, orthopaedic)	14	3%	17	5%	0.39

Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) where appropriate. P values computed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests where appropriate. APACHE, Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation; SPRINT, Specialised Relative Insulin Nutrition Tables.