|
Patient
|
Severity of illness
|
| |
Strongest predictor of ADE [25,34]
|
| |
ICU patients more likely to experience ADE than patients in other units [35]
|
| |
Extreme of ages
|
| |
Increased susceptibility to ADEs [2,78]
|
| |
Prolonged hospitalization
|
| |
Increased exposure and susceptibility to ADEs [2,78]
|
| |
Sedation
|
| |
Patients unable to participate in care and defend themselves against errors [9]
|
|
Medications
|
Types of medications
|
| |
Frequent use of boluses and infusions [9]
|
| |
Weight-based infusions derived from estimated weights or unreliable determinations [79]
|
| |
Mathematical calculations required for medication dosages [9]
|
| |
Programming of infusion pumps [44]
|
| |
Number of medications
|
| |
Twice as many medications prescribed as for patients in other units [35]
|
| |
Increased probability of medication error and medication interactions [35]
|
| |
Number of interventions
|
| |
Increased risk of complications [80]
|
|
ICU environment
|
Complex environment
|
| |
Difficult working conditions make errors more probable [81]
|
| |
High stress [20]
|
| |
High turnover of patients and providers [82,83]
|
| |
Emergency admissions
|
| |
Risk of an adverse event increases by approximately 6% per day [25,84]
|
| |
Multiple care providers
|
| |
Challenges the integration of different care plans [83]
|
