Table 1 Comparison of patient clinical parameters according to the outcome
From: Intentional overdose with insulin: prognostic factors and toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic profiles
Parameter | Favourable outcome (n = 21) | Unfavourable outcome (n = 4) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 46 (36 to 58) | 45 (26 to 67) | 0.9 |
SAPS II | 23 (18 to 36) | 62 (61 to 69) | 0.002 |
Total amount of injected insulin (IU) | 250 (135 to 988) | 450 (250 to 600) | 0.6 |
Delay before pre-hospital management (hours; n = 22) | 2 (0.9 to 3.4) | 9 (7.5 to 9.8) | 0.009 |
On the scene | |||
Glasgow Coma Scale score | 12 (8 to 14) | 4 (4 to 6) | 0.06 |
Capillary glucose level (mmol/l) | 1.4 (1.1 to 2.3) | 0.7 (1.5 to 4.1) | 0.9 |
Mechanical ventilation (%) | 14 | 75 | 0.03 |
On ICU admission | |||
GCS score before dextrose administration | 15 (14 to 15) | 6 (4 to 10) | 0.003 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120 (105 to 158) | 125 (112 to 158) | 0.7 |
Pulse rate (beats/min) | 81 (74 to 101) | 126 (112 to 143) | 0.005 |
Temperature (°C) | 35.6 (35.0 to 36.6) | 36.9 (36.7 to 37.1) | 0.04 |
Blood glucose level (mmol/l) | 6.2 (4.0 to 8.0) | 2.3 (1.0 to 3.5) | 0.03 |
Maximum plasma insulin concentration (IU/l; n = 15) | 192 (153 to 1,853) | 209 (ND) | 0.8 |
Plasma lactate concentration (mmol/l) | 2.0 (1.7 to 2.8) | 2.0 (1.8 to 2.9) | 0.8 |
Mechanical ventilation in ICU (%) | 19 | 75 | 0.05 |
Amount of infused glucose (g) | 282 (167 to 1,056) | 886 (574 to 1,410) | 0.2 |
Duration of glucose infusion (hours) | 24 (12 to 62) | 57 (31 to 69) | 0.4 |
Duration of ICU stay (days) | 3 (2 to 6) | 42 (5 to 82) | 0.04 |